tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72322385742403532902024-02-20T03:42:56.597-08:00University admission essaypatriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.comBlogger37125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-27787614876692099242020-08-24T00:56:00.001-07:002020-08-24T00:56:03.012-07:00You can create this Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-62843453085132685852020-08-22T00:10:00.001-07:002020-08-22T00:10:26.328-07:00Addiction Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsDependence - Research Proposal Example The issue of betting is greater than the individual, social gathering or a network. Understanding and forestalling it, is in this way significant for the general public just as for the nation. Before one can expound on betting, one must comprehend the idea of its fixation. Dependence as per Henderson is a muddled condition, with natural, physiological, mental, social and otherworldly perspectives. Consequently it is ideal to think of...addiction as multifaceted issue, just one of which is the enthusiastic utilization of the compelling substance. (3) Individuals who are dependent (regardless of whether to liquor, medications, betting or sex and so on.) show specific conduct, for example, loss of command over the conduct, and keep on participating in the dependence in spite of negative outcomes (Henderson 4). From a conduct viewpoint compulsion as indicated by the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fourth Edition) can be characterized as a maltreatment or reliance which has negative results and meddles with significant commitments, and causes observable pain or critical disability in working. The measures for reliance additionally incorporate those that demonstrate physiological reliance just as lost control as confirm b rehashed ineffective endeavors to stop or chop down. (Henderson 6). Betting, as indicated by Collins, is an arrangement of exercises which include at least two gatherings ready to put in danger something of significant worth known as the stakes. They take part in this movement in the desire for wining some of more noteworthy worth called the prize. The victor or failure is controlled by the result of occasions that is known as the outcome. Betting by definition doesn't make the card shark someone who is addicted. This is on the grounds that it is basically a game in which the members may embrace the exercises monetarily or in private circumstances (Collins 15). Betting is a compulsion for certain individuals. Dependent card sharks will in general be patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-11281913408420003792020-07-15T21:19:00.001-07:002020-07-15T21:19:03.077-07:00Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Stress ReliefAcceptance and Commitment Therapy for Stress Relief April 12, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living PeopleImages/iStock We cant always change the circumstances that cause us stress, and sometimes we cant even influence them. For example, you cant always leave a difficult job or get a raise when finances are tight, and there will always be some difficult people you simply need to deal with. Some stress simply must be managed, and it can be life-changing when you find strategies that help you deal with stress in a way that minimizes its negative effects. One of these tools, which is becoming more popular, is acceptance and commitment therapy (ATC). This is a form of counseling that is similar to cognitive-behavior therapy, which has been shown by many studies to be effective with stress management. ACT combines the use of acceptance of stressors in ones life and mindfulness strategies mixed in different ways with commitment and behavior-change strategies that can increase psychological and emotional flexibility. History of ATC This approach was originally named comprehensive distancing and was founded in 1982 by psychologist Steven C. Hayes. It has since been fleshed out and worked into a more robust approach to change. Now there are several different protocols for ACT that change depending on the situation and type of stress faced, as well as the setting. For example, there is a brief version of ACT called focused acceptance and commitment therapy, also known as FACT. The goal of ACT (and FACT) is not to eliminate difficult feelings, but to be present with them and accept them, which can create greater comfort with them so that people are able to move beyond the barriers that these feelings create. Acceptance and commitment therapy invites people to open up to unpleasant feelings and learn not to overreact to them or avoid situations where they are invoked. Its therapeutic effect is a positive upward spiral of emotion where feeling better leads to a better understanding of the truth. Principles ACT commonly employs six core principles to help clients develop psychological flexibility. Cognitive defusion: Learning methods to reduce the tendency to reify thoughts, images, emotions, and memories.Acceptance: Allowing thoughts to come and go without struggling with them.Contact with the present moment: Awareness of the here and now, experienced with openness, interest, and receptiveness.The observing self: Accessing a transcendent sense of self, a continuity of consciousness which is unchanging.Values: Discovering what is most important to oneself.Committed action: Setting goals according to values and carrying them out responsibly. Correlational evidence has found that absence of psychological flexibility predicts many forms of psychopathology. A 2005 meta-analysis showed that the six ACT principles, on average, account for 16 to 29 percent of the variance in psychopathology (general mental health, depression, anxiety) at baseline, depending on the measure, using correlational methods. ACT-Based Strategies Mindfulness and Meditation Because the main goal of ACT is to accept ones present circumstances, become more comfortable with them, and then be empowered to move beyond them with minimal stress, meditation is an extremely helpful tool for this kind of stress. The practice of mindfulness and meditation can allow you to practice being aware of stressors and then letting go of the need to react. This can minimize the stress you feel as well as the tendency many of us have to overreact to stress we experience when we feel trapped. This can come in the form of rumination, catastrophizing, and other stress-exacerbating habits that many of us engage in whether were aware of it or not. The following are some meditation techniques that can be used for stress relief. Reappraisal We cant always change what we experience, but we can change how we think about these experiences. This is a core belief of ACT. Changing your thoughts about the stress you experience can come in the form of cognitive restructuring or cognitive reappraisals, where you actively work to choose new ways of viewing the same situation. These views may not be the first thoughts you had on the topic, but they can be just as aligned with the realities of the situation. For example, when facing a challenge that feels beyond your capabilities (a commonly stressful situation), I am failing at this, can be changed to, I am having a difficult time with this. Its all part of the process, though, and Ill get it eventually. Similarly, This should not be happening to me, can be changed to, We all face challenges, and heres one of mine. Ill get through this. Deliberate Acceptance Sometimes stress can be greatly minimized when we give up the fight and trust the process. When we feel we need to struggle against something that may not necessarily be changeable, we can feel overwhelmed with a virtually impossible task. When we accept a situation and let go of our own need to control it (which often is impossible, anyway), this can feel like lifting a weight off our shoulders and can greatly relieve the stress of whatever situation we face. Making friends with the situations we had been fighting can be a liberating process and, interestingly, can help us to move on from feeling stuck and trapped into a place of recognizing what is and what can be done about it. Choosing Purposeful Action A primary goal with ACT is to choose an action that can be taken and to move forward in a positive, productive direction. One strategy that can help with this is to increase the positive experiences you have so that you can create an upward spiral of positivity. Another is to simply look at the situation you are in (and accept this situation) and then look for options you can choose within this reality rather than trying to change the reality itself by fighting your overall circumstances. This can be achieved with the help of a therapist, a journaling practice, or talks with a good friend who understands. A Word From Verywell Ultimately, ACT-based strategies can be liberating and empowering. Accepting the challenges of life and moving forward can build confidence and inner strength and can help you to move past significant amounts of stress. Practice with this modality can make perfect. patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-55843249636357357862020-05-21T13:29:00.001-07:002020-05-21T13:29:06.297-07:00Why Are Teams and Groups Seen as Essential Features of... Why are teams and groups seen as essential features of contemporary organisations? This essay aims to discuss why teams and groups are seen as essential features of contemporary organisations. Firstly, it will examine what exactly constitutes a group or team, then it will go on to discuss different types of groups and teams which exist within an organisation. Next it will explain why groups and teams are key to contemporary organisations in particular and finally, it will discuss the disadvantages associated with groups within organisations. Firstly, it is important to distinguish what exactly constitutes a team or a group. As Khan (2010) states, all teams are groups because the individuals in it have some kind of of unifyingâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Virtual teams allow the organisation to easily spread decision making to trusted individuals rather than only to top management. Groups can be essential to an organisation s level of productivity. If there is a high level of group cohesiveness the group will experience high morale and will become a desirable entity to be part of within an organisation which means there will be plenty employees willing to compete with each other for a spot in the group, which in turn raises productivity. Managers need to control the size of groups in order to stay at an optimum level of productivity and also offer incentives like bonus pay for good performance to enhance the desirability of the group even further. Groups also relieve some of the responsibility of the manager, as they do not have to keep a constant eye on each individual employee, they can trust that group members will spur on the productivity of the group in order to gain the proposed incentives. Groups can provide an organisation with more than one solution to a proposed problem because as Maier (1967) states, a group has a greater knowledge store than that of any individual. Monitoring the size of groups here is vital from management, as with a large sized group there may be plenty of ideas generated, but they are not necessarily well formed ideas. Splitting groups into smaller member sizes will ensure the ideas are well thoughtShow MoreRelatedHow Identification Communication Strategies Affect The Ways1418 Words à |à 6 Pagesindividual behavioural tendencies when they communicate with others. These behavioural tendencies are used by organisations to maintain positive relationships with their communities. Identification communication strategies in organisational communication are necessary in modern organisations and ââ¬Å"frequent communication leads individuals to feel that they are active participants in the organisationâ⬠(Huff, Sproull, Kiesler, 1989, p. 1372). These strategies include; the common ground technique, identificationRead MoreLeadership And Development Plan For The Top 30 Managers Across The Globe2472 Words à |à 10 PagesLeadership and development proposal Introduction Leadership development in organisations is a high-profile activity. It often focuses on senior or ââ¬Ëeliteââ¬â¢ staff; it frequently comprises a key element in competitive strategy (Becker and Huselid, 1998 citied in Mabey, 2013). It means that managers need to be developed to help achieve the goal of management in organisation. This proposal is required to develop a leadership and management development programme for the top 30 managers across the globeRead MoreEssay about Managing People4361 Words à |à 18 Pagessanctions, or monetary reward. Theorists also suggest that the ways in which organisations choose to manage their employees are in a state of transition. Labour management practices have assumed new prominence in the 1990s as concerns persisted about global competition, the internationalisation of technology and the productivity of workers. It is argued that these market input push work organisations to adjust their system of managerial control strengthen effective utilisationRead MoreOrganisation Culture4416 Words à |à 18 Pagescritically evaluates organisational cultures in the Early Years settings. The first part looks at the theoretical background to the evolution of organisational culture its importance and types. The second part examines the link between leadership, organisation culture and change management with analysis from experience as an EYP. It also looks at key factors that influence change, problems with change and techniques for implementing change in Early Years settings. 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The manager needs to understand the nature of power and control in order to improve work behaviour and organisational performanceRead MoreEssay on Restructuring the Marketing Function for Greater Efficiency8864 Words à |à 36 Pagesimplications for the current marketing team structure 5 Economic instability and increase of demand 5 Changes in technological knowledge within the market 6 Supplier price changes 7 London Olympics 2012 7 Task 2 9 Critically analyse the differences between management and leadership in relation to the operation activities of the marketing function. 9 Management and Leadership within Company X 9 Recommend, with justification, how the marketing team should be restructured and how processesRead MoreHistory And Theory : Leicester School Of Architecture3367 Words à |à 14 Pagesthe Congres Internationaux dââ¬â¢Architecture Moderne (CIAM), founded in 1928, in order to set up an international splinter group of modern architects, Team 10. This led to the demise of CIAM. What were the goals of Team 10? How did they articulate their disagreements with the objectives of CIAM? Choose a specific building or project to show how one (or a pair) of the members of Team 10 attempted to put those goals into practice. Alison and Peter Smithson s: investigative duties. ExperimentRead MoreCritical Analysis of Leadership of Steve Jobs3952 Words à |à 16 Pagestechnical overproduction. simplicity and usability compounded with intuitiveness, versatility and durability, and, of course, functionalities flying in the matter of split seconds ââ¬â are only some of the major concerns of the client today! The other essential concern is the philosophy behind the product, the personality of the company and corporative image. As it has been aptly put: customers are not looking for just a product anymore; they are looking for a destiny. This, as nothing else, would be aboutRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management72324 Words à |à 290 PagesContents Unit 1 Title Introduction to Strategic Human Resource Management Introduction What is Strategy? What is Strategic HRM? How is Strategic HRM Different from Other Aspects of HRM? How Does Research Show that Strategic HRM Adds Value to an Organisation? How Does Strategic HRM Support the Management of Change? Who Holds the Responsibility for Strategic HRM? When is it Appropriate to Create a Dedicated HR Function? Vertical Integration and Human Resources Strategy Introduction What are the BenefitsRead MoreA Case Study of Performance Appraisal26392 Words à |à 106 PagesA CASE STUDY OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL IN A SMALL PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANISATION: THE GAPS BETWEEN EXPECTATIONS AND EXPERIENCE JOHN MOONEY A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Chester for the degree of Masters of Business Administration CHESTER BUSINESS SCHOOL December 2009 1 Acknowledgements To my beloved wife Lesley, and children, Liam, Shaun and Hannah, who tolerated my regular withdrawals from normal family life throughout my MBA studies patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-56165366592097932502020-05-06T23:22:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:22:27.216-07:00David Fincherââ¬â¢s Fight Club Essay - 1103 Words David Fincherââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Fight Clubâ⬠In David Fincherââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Fight Clubâ⬠a man battles within himself to live a life he has always dared to live, but in the end when everything is taken to the extreme, he realizes itââ¬â¢s too late to change what he has done. He struggles with the social structure due to his realization that he is in fact powerless in todayââ¬â¢s society. He is constantly fighting his alter personality Tyler Durden for control of not only himself but also the world around them. He sees Marla as the lie that exists within himself and despises her for it. Fincher implies that sometimes people have to completely free themselves of their materialistic ideals in order to truly be free. Fincher also suggests that in some cases the absence of aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Single serving packets are the isolated lives that have consumed Generation X. The plane, and the imaginary crash mark the death of his old life and a journey to a new existence. Tyler Durden is symbolic because in old English Tyler means gatekeeper and Durden is durable and hard, thus the need for the manifestation is Jackââ¬â¢s mind. When jacks apartment is blown up and he calls jack, this is his isolation that consumes his life and the absence of family. During the first fight there is a heartbeat heard in the back ground this is the pulse of jackââ¬â¢s new life. The urination in the soup is the defiance toward the upper class to taste the waste they have produced. In order to truly be free Tyler, and Jack go to an abandoned house and rid them selves of the society they live in. When his boss is talking to him his voice is lowered to show how relative his importance has become. When Jack tells Tyler that he has no dad, he is in fact telling himself and acknowledging one of his deep seeded troubles. The blood on the floor is the passion and emotions that are released in fight club. All of the aggressive hostility that is shown represents the suppressed emotions along with the hatred for a shallow upbringing in Generation X males. The tooth going down the drain symbolizes their dropping of their defenses and opening themselvesShow MoreRelatedGender Roles In Chuck Palahniuk And David Finchers Fight Club879 Words à |à 4 Pagesdisregard to traditional gender roles has spun our society into a tizzy. In Fight Club, Chuck Palahniuk and David Fincher have focused on the promotion of traditional gender roles and masculinity, as well as clearly defining appropriate behaviors and appearances for men. The traditional gender role of a male is participating in reckless or dangerous activities, showing little emotion, and obtaining dominance and power. Fight Club reinforces the traditional gender role of males, especially in the ââ¬Å"I WantRead MoreCult Film : Nicolas Winding Refns Drive And David Finchers Fight Club1774 Words à |à 8 Pageselaborate on it, but also try to clarify it. Utilising the work of theorists Sconce, Fiske, Austin and many others, I will base my research around two contrasting texts that are both connected by cult film ââ¬â Nicolas Winding Refnââ¬â¢s Drive and David Fincherââ¬â¢s Fight Club, analysing not only how their technical and visual codes help to give them cult status, but also how their audience appeal ties in with niche psychometrics and cult film overall. Since its beginnings in the 1950s with movies like Plan 9Read MoreAnalysis Of The Film Butch Cassidy And The Sundance Kid 1595 Words à |à 7 PagesAt a very young age of eight, David Fincherââ¬â¢s passion for cinema grew when he was inspired by the movie Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969). Born in 1962 Denver, Colorado, David Fincher moved to Ashland, Oregon in his teens, where he graduated from Ashland High School. During high school, he directed plays, designed sets, and managed lighting after school. One summer, he and a friend attended the Berkley Film Instituteââ¬â¢s summer program, where he hoped to learn film as a true art form but insteadRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Butch Cassidy And The Sundance Kid1616 Words à |à 7 PagesAt a young age of eight, David Fincherââ¬â¢s passion for cinema grew when he saw the movie Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969). Born in 1962 Denver, Colorado, David Fincher moved to Ashland, Oregon in his teens, where he gradua ted from Ashland High School. Much of his time here, he directed plays, designed sets, and managed lighting after school. Until one summer, he and a friend attended the Berkley Film Instituteââ¬â¢s summer program, where he hoped to learn film as a true art form but instead learnedRead MoreGone Girl By David Fincher1268 Words à |à 6 Pagesof their works so that their creation is definitive enough to be traced back to its creator. In order to identify these definitive components, an auteur must establish common thematic and formal elements that their texts typically contain. In David Fincherââ¬â¢s film Gone Girl (2014), Amy Dunne suddenly vanishes, seemingly from violent kidnapping, leaving her husband, Nick Dunne, in a media frenzy over his suspected involvement in her disappearance. The film utilizes some of his most common thematic elements:Read MoreFight Club Essay1525 Words à |à 7 PagesFight Club ââ¬Å"The first rule about fight club is that you donââ¬â¢t talk about fight clubâ⬠(Palahniuk 87). The story of Fight Club was very nail biting; you never knew what was going to happen next. There were so many things that led up to a complete plot twist. It was amazing how closely directed and written Chuck Palahniuk and David Fincherââ¬â¢s versions were. However, the role in both that stood out to me the most was the role of Marla. Marla was the biggest influence in discovering the narratorRead MoreThe Style Of David Fincher s Se7en1386 Words à |à 6 Pages ESSAY TITLE Explore the style of David Fincherââ¬â¢s Se7en and explainn how the style choices crucially contribute to the filmââ¬â¢s significance and effectiveness in relation to its framework Table of Contents 1. Introduction ii 2. Discussion vi 2.1 Frameworks of References vi 2.1.1 Historical Context vi 2.1.2 Authorship vii 2.1.3 Genre viii 2.2. Story Telling ix 2.2.1 Storyline ix 2.2.2 Clarity of Plot x 2.2.3 Plot Relevance xi 2.2.4 Complexity of Characters xii 2.2.5 Background of Motivations andRead MoreEssay on Fight Club: Analysis of Novel and Film1561 Words à |à 7 PagesFight Club: Analysis of Novel and film Fight Club is a potent, diabolically sharp, and nerve chafing satire that was beautifully written by Chuck Palahniuk and adapted to the silver screen by David Fincher. A story masterfully brought together by mischief, mayhem, and ironically, soap. Fight Club is the definition of a cult classic because the issues dealt within the novel touched so close to home to the generation this novel was intended for, generation X. The novel was written in 1996 and quicklyRead MoreEssay on Criticisms of Consumerism and Materialism in Fight Club1134 Words à |à 5 Pagesname on my underwearâ⬠(29 min.) We are a generation comprised of invidious and conspicuous consumers, desperately trying to meet societyââ¬â¢s consumerist criteria; seeking the false promise of the American dream. This is the reality presented in Fincherââ¬â¢s Fight Club (1999), one of ââ¬Å"the rawest, most hot-blooded, provocatively audacious, dangerous movies to come of out Hollywoodâ⬠(Morris, 1999). Through the diverging personalities of the films central characters, Fincher provides a satirical analysis andRead MoreThe Genre Of Cult Film1741 Words à |à 7 Pagesits quirky and abnormal generic values, but also through the plurality of artistic control that is held by the auteur and its audienceââ¬â¢s desires. In order to go into more extensive detail, I have selected Nicolas Winding Refnââ¬â¢s Drive and David Fincherââ¬â¢s Fight Club ââ¬â two contrasting texts with diverse ideologies and technical codes yet both linked by cult film ââ¬â to continue interpreting this extensive genre. Throughout its history, cult film has never had specific elements that has allowed theorists patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-19499479850932795502020-05-06T07:55:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:55:08.270-07:00Ignou Mba Free Essays ASSIGNMENT Course Code :MS-7 Course Title : Information Systems for Managers Assignment Code : MS-07/TMA/SEM-I/2013 Coverage :All Blocks Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2013 to the coordinator of your study center. 1. (a) Is Information Technology as vital to modern global business as money? Why or why not? Discuss some trends in IT development. We will write a custom essay sample on Ignou Mba or any similar topic only for you Order Now (b) Write a note on input and output devices. Distinguish between human data input devices and source data capture devices. 2. a) Discuss the objectives and process of computer aided decision support system. (b) Describe the decision making process of acquiring application software. 3. (a) Define MIS. Describe the functions that MIS supports in an organization. (b) What are the various ways of assessing the value of information? Explain each method briefly. 4. (a) Is outsourcing information systems a better proposition in most of the situations? Discuss some advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing. (b) Discuss the three major areas of feasibility, which are addressed in system analysis? . Write short notes on any four of the following: a) Open Source Software b) Stealth and Polymorphic Viruses c) MRP II d) Information System and TQM e) Genetic Algorithms ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â Management Programme ASSIGNMENT FIRST SEMESTER 2013 MS ââ¬â 07: Information Systems for Managers [pic] School of Management Studies INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI ââ¬â 110 068 MS-55: LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT [pic] School of Management Studies INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI ââ¬â 110 068 MS-07 How to cite Ignou Mba, Papers patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-47923795138057820572020-04-25T03:08:00.001-07:002020-04-25T03:08:03.311-07:00Romulus My Father Pursuit of Happyness Belonging Essay Essay ExampleRomulus My Father Pursuit of Happyness Belonging Essay Paper ââ¬ËEverything has its own place and function. That applies to people, although many dont seem to realize it, stuck as they are in the wrong job, the wrong marriage, or the wrong house. When you know and respect your Inner Nature, you know where you belong. You also know where you dont belong. ââ¬â¢ Benjamin Hoff Discuss this statement, focusing on how composers of texts represent the concept of belonging. In your answer, refer to your prescribed text (ââ¬ËRomulus My Fatherââ¬â¢) and ONE related text of your choosing. You should write no more than 1000 words. Sense of belonging coming from father, in father son relationship. This can be seen in both, Raimond Gaitaââ¬â¢s elegiac memoir, ââ¬ËRomulus, My Fatherââ¬â¢ and Gabriele Muccinoââ¬â¢s 2006 film, ââ¬Ëthe pursuit of happynessââ¬â¢. Both texts demonstrate the relationship between a farther and his son and the extreme amounts of love and pain that they are willing to go through for the child to make sure that they belong. Both fathers when growing up had no real father figures. Without their fathers a grow with them a be their idol, they lacked a sense of belonging that made them feel disjointed from the rest of society. We will write a custom essay sample on Romulus My Father Pursuit of Happyness Belonging Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Romulus My Father Pursuit of Happyness Belonging Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Romulus My Father Pursuit of Happyness Belonging Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As a result, when they have their own sons they go the extra mile to provide and care for their son in every way possible. The sons in both texts have a strong sense of belonging to their fathers and trust them in everything. ââ¬ËThe pursuit of happynessââ¬â¢ subway/bathroom scene demonstrates this love and sense of belonging between father and child. The scene starts with a shot from above the heads of the protagonist, Chris Gardner, and his son, and looks down the subway as the last train of the night leaves and they are left alone in the subway. This metaphorically states how Chris feels, the last train has left without me and my son, every opportunity has passed. The scene then skips to Chris and Christopher sitting on a bench in the railway, with a distance between them. Christopher than gives his father an opportunity to make this experience easier for him, telling Christopher that the machines that he always carries around and is trying to sell, are time machines. Chris leads his son into the bathroom, while he is in the fantasy where they stay the night. Chris is shielding Christopher from the hard times that they are going through demonstrating the love that he has for his son but also the trust and sense of belonging he has in his dad. This is an emotive scene that is made to make the responder feel sympathy. In ââ¬ËRomulus my fatherââ¬â¢, a similar scenario plays out. Romulusââ¬â¢ father died early in Romulusââ¬â¢ life. Romulus lived in poverty and constantly moved between his grandparents and mothers house, but never belonged to either. He left at 13 to find work, but was always on the move, never really belonging anywhere. They moved to Australia where Romulus worked some hours away from Christine his wife and their son, Raimond. Christine neglected Raimond and was unfaithful to Romulus. Romulus believed it to be better if Raimond was to come to the camp where they were working. Romulus and Hora, Romulusââ¬â¢ closest friend, split their shifts so one of them could always care for young Raimond. Raimond is unaware of the sacrifices that his father and Hora gave up, at that age, in their only opportunity of rest in the day to provide Raimond with care and to give him a place to belong. Romulus didnââ¬â¢t have a true sense of belonging to anyone or thing except for Raimond. And for him he would go to the ends of the earth to provide and care for him. Raimonds has had the opportunity to belong and relate to others through what his father has done for him. ââ¬Å"On many occasions in my life I have had the need to say, and thankfully have been able to say: I know what a good workman is; I know what an honest man is; I know what friendship is; I know because I remember these things in the person of my fatherâ⬠The repetition of ââ¬ËI knowââ¬â¢ expresses how highly he holds up his father and how no one will be able to tell him otherwise.. The tone of the quote, is proud. Roof top scene in pursuit of happyness, where they are play basketball and Chris tells Christopher that he wonââ¬â¢t make it in basketball, but realized that this crushed his dream, so then says ââ¬Å"donââ¬â¢t ever let somebody tell you that you canââ¬â¢t do something, not even meâ⬠patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-10594287893144887932020-03-18T01:15:00.001-07:002020-03-18T01:15:03.158-07:00U.N. essaysU.N. essays The League of Nations now called the United Nations was founded in 1919. The League of Nations was composed shortly after the first world war in order to prevent any more wars. The League of Nations collapsed in 1939. On January 1 of 1942 United Nations was born. During WWII, 26 nations joined their forces to continue fighting against the Axis Powers. The United Nations Charter was drawn up by representatives of 51 nations and signed on June 26, 1945. The United Nations was officially born on October 24, 1945 when the Charter was authorized by China, USSR, France, UK, USA and many other nations. The United Nations has three primary goals; to achieve and maintain world peace, to promote and develop good relations among all nations and to work together with other nations on solving economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems. Many other functions are done by the UN, they protect human rights, fight epidemics, poverty and famine, deliver aid in form of food, clot! hes and medicine. They provide monetary loans to developing countries through the World Bank to help them achieve their goals. The UN is composed of six major branches. General Assembly, The Security Council, Economic and Social Council, The Trusteeship Council, The International Court of Justice and the Secretariat. Each has a specific function in the smooth working of the United Nations. The major reason why UN was formed is to promote and ensure world peace. They accomplish this by helping nations settle their disputes, deter conflicts and stop fighting. The United Nations is an organization that is involved in promotion of world peace. Many diplomatic actions are taken by the group to put and end to war and armed conflicts. The UN has an Agenda for Peace which can be separated into four groups. The four groups are: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking, Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding. Preventive D... patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-24389491473149153032020-03-01T17:00:00.001-08:002020-03-01T17:00:03.621-08:00How to Do College Research Right Step-by-Step GuideHow to Do College Research Right Step-by-Step Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips College research can be an overwhelming task, and itââ¬â¢s not easy to know where to begin. In this article, Iââ¬â¢ll help you sort through your options and find your dream college. If you work through the following four steps, you'll be well on your way to compiling a list of schools that fulfill all your most important criteria: Identify your priorities Search withan online college finder Consider your chances of admission Finalize yourlist In the next few sections, we'll cover how to research colleges in a straightforward and effective way. Step 1: Identify Your Priorities and Preferences The first step in tackling the college search process involves thinking about what you want out of your college experience.There are some essential qualities that differentiate colleges from one another that you should consider first, such as location, size, cost, and academic programs.You should also contemplate what you want out of the social scene and academic climate at your college. Then, you can search for schools that fit your needs across a variety of different dimensions. Primary Factors Here's a list of the first four factors you should consider when searching for colleges: #1: Location Do you want to be far awayor close to home? Attendingan in-state school can mean a lower tuition price, but it may stunt your college experience if you continue to rely on your family and old friends.You should also consider whether youââ¬â¢re interested in a rural, urban, or small town college environment. The surrounding area can have a big impact on your happiness and comfort level. #2: Size Large and small colleges often have very different vibes.Youââ¬â¢re more likely to get personalized attention at small colleges, but they might have fewer resources and less diversity amongst students.You should research each college individually, but there are certain characteristics shared by most large or small colleges that might lead you to prefer one type over the other. #3: Academics Youââ¬â¢re going to college primarily to learn stuff, so academics should be up there on your priority list. Just how serious of an academic environment are you looking for?Do you want a school that focuses on undergraduate teaching orresearch?What types of programs interest you?If you have any ideas about your potential major, keep that in mind as you search for schools so you can apply to places that offer the best programs for you. Selectivity and reputation also come into play here. Based on your test scores and GPA, you can predict your admissions chances at different schools (more about this later). It's advantageous for you to attend the most competitive school possible based on your stats.This will provide you with the greatest number of opportunities both in college and in your post-graduate endeavors. #4: Cost Tuition prices are something you should think about in your college search, but donââ¬â¢t let a high price prevent you from applying if you really love a school.Right now, you should just work on determining whether cost is an issue for you. If so, focus your search on schools that offer generous financial aidandmerit scholarships. You can also investigate colleges with no application fees. College represents a crossroads in many ways. Secondary Factors This list goes into some other factors to think about in your college search that are less fundamental but can still have a really strong influence on your experience. #1: Social Scene This is a vague term, but you should have some idea of what type of social environment youââ¬â¢re looking for in college.Do you want to be at a party school? Or are you more of a library-all-day-every-day type? Are you at all interested in Greek life? Do you want to be able to go out to bars and clubs? Make sure the environment at the school you choose will be a fun place for you to spend four years. #2: Housing Is it important to you to have a really nice dorm? Do you want to be able to live off campus at some point?Schoolsmayoffer more or less variety in housing, so this is definitely worth considering. Universities located in rural areas may have fewer options for living off campus. #3: Dining Are you looking for a school with lots of dining options? This is important to consider especially if you have special dietary preferences or requirements. Whateveraccommodations you need, make sure the schools you choose have the ability to provide them. #4: Extracurriculars Think of any extracurricular activities you want to pursue in college.If these are priorities for you, you should ensure that any schools that youââ¬â¢re considering have the appropriate resources.Extracurriculars are a huge part of the college experience for most students, and they provide a great social outlet outside of the party scene and classes. #5: Athletics If you're hoping to play a sport in college for fun, you should make sure that anywhere you apply will give you that opportunity.Are you planning to work out in college? If this is a priority for you, look for schools that have high-quality athletic facilities and give students full gym access.Many schools offer exercise classes for students at their gyms, which is a really nice perk. Spinning is a great workout. Just make sure you never talk about it outside of class, or you will instantly become basic. Seriously, if you react with an acid you'll produce a salt. Sorry I took this way too far. As you consider these factors,you can continue to customizethe priority order to fit your needs. Some of the factors I listed as "secondary" might actually be of primary concern to you.If you feel that something is a priority, donââ¬â¢t discount it just because other things are ââ¬Å"supposedâ⬠to be more important. You may even be totally indifferent to some of the factors I've listed (for example, "athletics" are a foreign concept to us hardcore nerds). That's fine too! You can choose to ignore these factors in the next step. Now that youââ¬â¢re armed with your preferences and priorities, itââ¬â¢s time to start your college search for realz. Step 2: Search for Schools Using an Online College Finder After youââ¬â¢ve figured out your preferences, the easiest way to find schools that you like is to use an online college finder tool to search based on your criteria. One option that you might consider initially is College Navigator.You can specify location, size, major program, public or private, tuition, test scores, and more in your search.This tool will give you all the statistics on different schools and help you locate options that seem like the right fit.As you investigate the results of your search, add schools to your ââ¬Å"favoritesâ⬠and compare them side by side to see how they differ.This might eliminate some options based on factors like cost and admissions rate. A screenshot of the College Navigator search tool Another site to investigate is Cappex. Cappex isa college matchmaking site where you can fill out a profile and get matched up with schools that align with your preferences. The site provides suggestions for schools that you might like after you complete your profile.It has a pretty complete overview of each school including student reviews and information about campus life that might not be included in the College Navigator statistics. If you find schools that you like, you can add them to your running list and compare them against each other. Cappexalso links directly to the application pages for schools on your list of favorites, so you can check out what materials youââ¬â¢re expected to submit. The "fit meter" that you'll see on every school's page on Cappex. It shows you how well you match up based on your preferences. There are also a number of other sites you can use at this stage.The link at the beginning of this section will take you to my reviews of the ten best college search websites.Feel free to use whichever one seems most accessible to you! Step 3: Consider Admissions Chances and Reputation Once youââ¬â¢ve figured out what you want from a college and have gotten some solid suggestions from search sites, you should step back and take an objective look at your results.Itââ¬â¢s important to maintain realistic expectations in the college application process, so you shouldchoose schools where you have reasonable chances of admission. Though the sites I mentioned above may give you statistics for a school's average test scores and GPA, itââ¬â¢s difficult to understand your chances of admission just by looking at statistics.I would recommend that you Google ââ¬Å"(name of school) PrepScholar admissions requirementsâ⬠to access our database pages about each school. Use the tools on these pages to enter in your GPA and SAT scores and calculate your chances of admission. In general, if your chances are below 30 percent the school qualifies as a reach school.A school with an admissions rate thatââ¬â¢s below 15 percent is a reach school for all students regardless of scores and GPA.If all or most of the schools youââ¬â¢re interested in are reach schools, it's time to adjust some of your criteria to allow for other options. Only a third of the colleges where you apply should be reaches. This is also a good time to check ranking lists like US News and Forbes to see whether the colleges that interest you have decent reputations. However,be careful when considering these rankings! If two schools are within ten or so ranks of each other, there probably isnââ¬â¢t much of a difference in quality between them. Rankings are a tool to be used afteryouââ¬â¢ve already picked out schools based on other factors.If youââ¬â¢re trying to decide between two schools and the lower ranked school is a much better fit for you, then you should still apply to that one.Rankings are more of a tie-breaker to be used when all other measurements are equal.Prestige can be important because it generally means a more intellectual student community and greater academic opportunities, but you should put your personal goals and priorities above the prestige of the school. After consulting these resources, you'll end up with a better sense of the quality of your preliminary list of schools.This leads to the next step, making your final college list! Williams College: The #1 National Liberal Arts College (according to U.S. News) Step 4: Make a Final List Now that youââ¬â¢ve gathered all of this information, itââ¬â¢s time to tweak your list of schools so that it has a nice balance of different options. As I mentioned in the previous section, itââ¬â¢s important to have reach schools, but they should only make up about a third of your list.Another third of the schools should be likely options, and the last third should be safety schools. You can use the same process as above to look up potential likely and safety schools and check your admissions chances.Safety schools are schools where you have at least an 80 percent chance of admission.Likely schools are schools where you have a 30 to 80 percent chance of admission.These can be further divided into ââ¬Å"possibleâ⬠and ââ¬Å"probableâ⬠options.Possible options will be in the 30-50 percent range, and probable options are between 50 and 80%. Most students end up applying to around 5-8 colleges in total.Start out with three schools in the reach category, three in the likely category (two probable and one possible), and three in the safety category.Then, if you find that youââ¬â¢re overwhelmed by the application fees or the supplementary essays, you can always cut out 2-3 schools.Be honest about whether you can realistically see yourself attending all of the schools on your list. You should also do some research to check whether the schools on your list use the Common Application or if they require you to fill out separate applications.This can have a big impact on the time you spend on the process.You might decide to eliminate a school from your list if youââ¬â¢re not super attached to it and itââ¬â¢s the only option that requires an individual application. Once youââ¬â¢ve balanced your list, begin brainstorming your application essays and deciding which accomplishments and activities you want to highlight for colleges.Read this article about how to create a versatile application for some more tips! This is what your college list will look like after you get back those acceptance letters! What's Next? Now that you know how to do research colleges, you should also be able to put it into practice. Learn more about the application deadlines that will be most critical for you. College ranking lists can be helpful tools if you use them in the right way. Find out about all the college ranking lists you should read and how much you should rely on them. Looking to attend a top-notch liberal arts school? Here's a list of the 28 best liberal arts colleges in the country. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-90593446297577054262020-02-14T08:27:00.001-08:002020-02-14T08:27:02.597-08:00THE EARLY GUILTY PLEA DISCOUNT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsTHE EARLY GUILTY PLEA DISCOUNT - Essay Example It also determines whether such discounts in any way create a penalty for offenders who plead not guilty thus exercising their right to trial. A sentencing discount refers to a particular reduction that is normally quantifiable and relating to a discrete factor and which the court apply after taking all other considerations of sentencing into account. They relate to post-offence conduct on offenderââ¬â¢s part. An individual who has committed a criminal offense has some options in responding to accusations made against him or her. The rules of criminal procedure in a court of law allow an offender to enter a plea of guilty or not guilty and if the offender fails to enter any plea, the court enters a plea of not guilty on for the offender and then begins the trial (Howie, 2008). There has been heavy contest on the levels, aspects and the extent of discounting sentences for defendants who plead guilty. In the recent years, the Australia high court has also weighed in on the debate. It is a statutory requirement in Queensland that the court should take into account a guilty plea and if the court fails to reduce a sentence; it must state its reasons. However, if it reduces the sentence, it is not obliged to state what the definite reduction in sentence was. Actually, even without remorse, the court holds that there should be reduction in sentence. It has also been a requirement for a court to point out the way in which it is reducing a sentence, if it is reducing it as a following the plea. It may achieve a reduction by recommending an early parole. In determining sentence for the offence, a fact of unaccepted offer to plead guilty is relevant (Freiberg, 2006). Following the concern of the discrimination that two elemental notions in sentencing engendered, justices Callinan, Gaudron and Gummow had a joint judgment. They observed the patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-51651790521533267812020-02-01T18:33:00.001-08:002020-02-01T18:33:03.883-08:00Article Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsArticle - Research Paper Example The second step involves building a culture and processes that motivate people to help one another and share relevant information. The third step involves dismantling the natural barriers that create divisions in an organization (Catmull, 2008). Strong leadership is essential to make sure people do not pay lip service to those standards, and people should not assume that just because the company is successful, everything it does is right. In addition, the author suggested several principles to manage a creative organization. The first principle seeks to give the creative people control over every stage of development of an idea. The second principle is to encourage people to help each other produce their best work also known as creating a peer culture. The third principle asserts that managing a collective creativity in an organization is to free up communication (Catmull, 2008). The third principle defines an efficient way of solving numerous problems, and it encourages individuals to focus on challenges without waiting for authorization. The fourth principle involves creating a learning environment, and the author notes that learning together is fun. The fifth principle is to carry out post mortems on projects to stimulate discussion (Catmull, 2008). The Harvard business review article is worth studying since it is educative on how to manage collective creativity in an organization. According to the author, many companies rise and fall due to lack proper collective creativity (Catmull, 2008). Many people consider creativity as a unique act attributed to a single person. The article teaches that talented people should work effectively with one another and takes trust and respect. Loyalty to collective work and one another creates an extraordinary feeling in an organization. Moreover, the accomplishments of the talented people attract the patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-14170429554582157252020-01-24T14:57:00.001-08:002020-01-24T14:57:03.936-08:00Coca-Cola Brand Image Essay -- Marketing Advertising AdvertisementCoca -Cola : Claims, Values and Polices Coca-Cola is a well-known and cherished brand name. When people think of this name, memories tend to overflow in their heads. Why? Because, not only does Coke taste great and refresh your own personal memories, it also fills you with memories of the Coca-Cola like "Always Coca-Cola", the antics of the Coke polar bears, and all of the different ads that have represented Coke over the years. Just about every ad you see, as a consumer, will have tons of hidden meanings. Coca-Cola may not always intend to present the same hidden meanings, but will always intend for their audience to see a commercial and hopefully crave a Coke product. I found a Diet Coke ad that really caught my eye in the August issue of Southern Living, a magazine for women. The ad, titled High School Reunion, pictured four Coke bottles in a diagonal line. The first bottle, a new unopened Diet Coke bottle, is pictured at the top left-hand corner of the page. The next two Diet Coke bottles are supposedly being consumed. At the bottom right hand corner of the ad page you see the bottle is empty. This reveals the conversation of a young woman contemplating the plans for her high school reunion. Over all Coca-Cola is believed to put these claims, supports, and warrants in their ads to make their product more appealing to the consumer. This particular Diet Coke ad is full of claims and proofs of facts, values, and policies, that are trying to make you remember the fun, old times, and memories of high school and, at the same time, associate it all with the memory of a good tasting Diet Coke. This particular ad boldly suggests the importance of friends and still being yourself. I know Coca-Cola wants you to see... ... you drink Diet Coke you will become a beautiful and skinny woman. Maybe another message this ad is trying to reveal is to not label yourself. Diet Coke doesnââ¬â¢t need a label; therefore you donââ¬â¢t need a label either. The pathos of this ad might be representing the fact that Coca-Cola has been around for a while and it has been a while since this young woman has seen her high school friends. In conclusion, I think Coca-Cola has done an excellent job of presenting the claims, supports, and warrants of itââ¬â¢s products in this ad. They have used many different tactics and hidden meanings to get this ad across; when their main concern is to make the ad appealing to the ordinary woman. A woman who is always in search of the perfect body, and the great memories of her high school years. Works Cited "Diet Coke Advertisement" Southern Living, August 1998. 28 patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-51496830030804280262020-01-16T11:21:00.001-08:002020-01-16T11:21:03.624-08:00Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da VinciLeonardo was a man of many different talents; among those talents were polymath, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, inventor, engineer, writer, geologist, anatomist, cartographer, anatomist, and botanist. Leonardo was primarily known for his painting (Mona Lisa, the last supper, Vitamins Man), and his fascinating inventions (Helicopter, tank, flying Machine, Viola Organists) which I will be talking about in depth in my research paper. First study science, and then follow with practice based on scienceâ⬠¦..The painter who draws by practice and judgment of the eye without the use of reason is like the mirror the reproduces within itself all the objects which are set opposite to it without knowledge of the sameâ⬠¦. The youth ought first to learn perspective, then the proportions of everything, then he should learn from the hand off good master. Leonardo Dad Vinci The Renaissance marked the transition point from the middle ages to the modern world. Young Leonardo Did Seer Piper Dad Vince received his education of Painter, sculptor, and engineering in Florence in the early sass.In a time when coming with a new approach toward science was considered a direct insult or challenge to the church, Leonardo managed to project his new finding of science, Mathematics formulas, and logical reasoning without creating a new reform of cultural beliefs. Among his reaction we can find what is considered to be an early predecessor of today's helicopter. Between 1480 and 1493 Leonardo Dad Vinci designed what is known today as the ââ¬Å"Aerial Screw' or also known as the ââ¬Å"Helical Air Screw'.Leonardo Helical Air Screw measure approximately fifteen feet across and the material used to build it were reed, linen, and wire. The main power proportion came from four men that were standing in the middle of the craft rotating different pedals in order to rotate the screw like shaft (See figure L-1). Leonardo was a very methodical reader and writer. He often read books that interest him with pen on hand. He was so critical of himself that he used to describe his though in writing, and draw them most of the time in order to retrace his thinking.In the old time it was common for inventors to read others innovators ideas in order to create new ones or reproduce the same invention with improvements. One of those creations was the Leonardo ââ¬Å"Assault Vehicleâ⬠. After researching Roberto Evaluator's ââ¬Å"De re military', Leonardo Dad Vinci went ahead and created the Assault Vehicle with a technology that was unheard of at the time. Due to the lack of funds and the war at the Apennines Peninsula Leonardo had o restrain his master creation to Just a blueprint.The Assault Vehicle had an upside- down cone shape with four wheels at the bottom, and a crankshaft for propulsion. Been that Leonardo was so critical of his own invention, he decided to make improvement to his own invention at a later time. One of those improvements was the vehicle self-propulsion. Leonardo achieved this improvement by creating a spring-power system (As the Motor), and an innovated differential transmission system. (L-2 Picture of Assault Vehicle) Another area in which Leonardo Dad Vinci broke new ground was painting.But to his misfortune in life by 1514 most of his paintings were not completed due to lack of commissions and Italian's wars. One of those paintings happened to be the ââ¬Å"Mona Lisaâ⬠or ââ¬Å"La Cocoonedâ⬠a 16th century oil painting portray of ââ¬Å"Lisa did Antonio Maria Grenadineâ⬠which in today's expert opinion it is one of the most impossible to comprehend painting in the history of art. Leonardo started to paint the Mona Lisa in 1503 under the commission of Francesco did Bartholomew did Zinnia del Giaconda and finished nil 519 shortly before he died.By 1511 Leonardo had to migrate under the Melee family protection to Vapor where he sided and produced magnificent creation of arts for two years in order to repay the Melee family hospitality. While at Vapor Leonardo continued to develop his new projects and improving his paintings knowing that sooner or later he will have to find a more suitable patron in order to be able to finance his work. The solution to financial impasse came in February 1 513 in the hand of Giovanni De' Medici, the younger descendent of Lorenz IL Magnificent. With the death of Pope Julius II in Rome and Giovanni asserted to papacy under the name of Pope Leo X.Giuliani De' Medici rather of Pope Leo X and by them commander of the papal army, invited Leonardo to Rome for his knowledge of art and military technology. The invitation to Rome by Giuliani De' Medici was the opportunity that Leonardo Dad Vinci was waiting for. Unlimited commissions, immeasurable social status, and a very power full patron. What else? By September 1513 Leonardo relocated himself back to Rome where he was accommodated in the Vatican luxury Belvedere villas together with all his painting including some half stages such us the Lead, the Mona Lisa, and the Saint Anne. Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da Vinci Leonardo was a man of many different talents; among those talents were polymath, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, inventor, engineer, writer, geologist, anatomist, cartographer, anatomist, and botanist. Leonardo was primarily known for his painting (Mona Lisa, the last supper, Vitamins Man), and his fascinating inventions (Helicopter, tank, flying Machine, Viola Organists) which I will be talking about in depth in my research paper. First study science, and then follow with practice based on scienceâ⬠¦..The painter who draws by practice and judgment of the eye without the use of reason is like the mirror the reproduces within itself all the objects which are set opposite to it without knowledge of the sameâ⬠¦. The youth ought first to learn perspective, then the proportions of everything, then he should learn from the hand off good master. Leonardo Dad Vinci The Renaissance marked the transition point from the middle ages to the modern world. Young Leonardo Did Seer Piper Dad Vince received his education of Painter, sculptor, and engineering in Florence in the early sass.In a time when coming with a new approach toward science was considered a direct insult or challenge to the church, Leonardo managed to project his new finding of science, Mathematics formulas, and logical reasoning without creating a new reform of cultural beliefs. Among his reaction we can find what is considered to be an early predecessor of today's helicopter. Between 1480 and 1493 Leonardo Dad Vinci designed what is known today as the ââ¬Å"Aerial Screw' or also known as the ââ¬Å"Helical Air Screw'.Leonardo Helical Air Screw measure approximately fifteen feet across and the material used to build it were reed, linen, and wire. The main power proportion came from four men that were standing in the middle of the craft rotating different pedals in order to rotate the screw like shaft (See figure L-1). Leonardo was a very methodical reader and writer. He often read books that interest him with pen on hand. He was so critical of himself that he used to describe his though in writing, and draw them most of the time in order to retrace his thinking.In the old time it was common for inventors to read others innovators ideas in order to create new ones or reproduce the same invention with improvements. One of those creations was the Leonardo ââ¬Å"Assault Vehicleâ⬠. After researching Roberto Evaluator's ââ¬Å"De re military', Leonardo Dad Vinci went ahead and created the Assault Vehicle with a technology that was unheard of at the time. Due to the lack of funds and the war at the Apennines Peninsula Leonardo had o restrain his master creation to Just a blueprint.The Assault Vehicle had an upside- down cone shape with four wheels at the bottom, and a crankshaft for propulsion. Been that Leonardo was so critical of his own invention, he decided to make improvement to his own invention at a later time. One of those improvements was the vehicle self-propulsion. Leonardo achieved this improvement by creating a spring-power system (As the Motor), and an innovated differential transmission system. (L-2 Picture of Assault Vehicle) Another area in which Leonardo Dad Vinci broke new ground was painting.But to his misfortune in life by 1514 most of his paintings were not completed due to lack of commissions and Italian's wars. One of those paintings happened to be the ââ¬Å"Mona Lisaâ⬠or ââ¬Å"La Cocoonedâ⬠a 16th century oil painting portray of ââ¬Å"Lisa did Antonio Maria Grenadineâ⬠which in today's expert opinion it is one of the most impossible to comprehend painting in the history of art. Leonardo started to paint the Mona Lisa in 1503 under the commission of Francesco did Bartholomew did Zinnia del Giaconda and finished nil 519 shortly before he died.By 1511 Leonardo had to migrate under the Melee family protection to Vapor where he sided and produced magnificent creation of arts for two years in order to repay the Melee family hospitality. While at Vapor Leonardo continued to develop his new projects and improving his paintings knowing that sooner or later he will have to find a more suitable patron in order to be able to finance his work. The solution to financial impasse came in February 1 513 in the hand of Giovanni De' Medici, the younger descendent of Lorenz IL Magnificent. With the death of Pope Julius II in Rome and Giovanni asserted to papacy under the name of Pope Leo X.Giuliani De' Medici rather of Pope Leo X and by them commander of the papal army, invited Leonardo to Rome for his knowledge of art and military technology. The invitation to Rome by Giuliani De' Medici was the opportunity that Leonardo Dad Vinci was waiting for. Unlimited commissions, immeasurable social status, and a very power full patron. What else? By September 1513 Leonardo relocated himself back to Rome where he was accommodated in the Vatican luxury Belvedere villas together with all his painting including some half stages such us the Lead, the Mona Lisa, and the Saint Anne. patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-11854100637193520192020-01-08T07:44:00.001-08:002020-01-08T07:44:04.236-08:00One specific issue that has been associated with... One specific issue that has been associated with globalization that caught my eye was with Peru. Peru used to be a third-world country that was populated with poverty and repression. Today, Peru is now changing into a rising nation and is becoming more popular. Peru is now on the rise is because globalization raised the human development index, authorized women, and shaped a stronger country and government. Today, we consider The Human Development Index to be a dimension of a countryââ¬â¢s social, political, and economical growth in contrast to other countries around the world. In 1975, Peruââ¬â¢s Human Development Index was a 0.643, but by 2003 the Human Development Index had increased to 0.762. By seeing the HDI increase by more than one tenthâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Nobody is born into a perfect life, as for people in Peru. It is true that there is sometimes a harm of culture when it is connected with globalization. However, we do forget that not all countries are good and deserving of freedom. For example, in the past in China if a girl was born it was very common she would be murdered because in the Chinese culture they thought that only boys had a purpose for China and benefited their country. The population of China didnââ¬â¢t necessarily want a variety of people within in their country let alone gender equality. The government should not have to force population because everybody has their flaws and differences. Globalization shows that countries can be independent and encourages independence and free will for citizens. Globalization had a positive impact but it also had a negative impact on some citizens. For examples, some males did not embrace womenââ¬â¢s freedom in Peru because they believed that the only place women belonged was in their home as a wife and a mother. Peru had another negative reaction towards globalization. Citizens didnââ¬â¢t embrace globalization in Peru because when the poverty level decreased, more people mo ved into the middle class, who mad the wealthy upper class respond negatively. The wealthy upper class responded with protests and opposed the impacts of globalization when those effects beganShow MoreRelatedBackground Inditex, One of the Worlds Largest Fashion Distributors, Has Eight Major Sales Formats - Zara, Pull and Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home Y Kiddys Class- with 3.147 Stores in 70100262 Words à |à 402 Pagesthat the process of completing a PhD is a journey. For me it has been a long and trice interrupted journey, and I would be lying if I said that I wasnââ¬â¢t happy that it is finally coming towards its end. Still, I have always felt incredibly privileged to be able to travel this road and Iââ¬â¢m deeply grateful towards all the people who have contributed to make it possible. First of all Iââ¬â¢d like to express my gratitude to Thomas Lindhqvist, my excellent supervisor, who offered me the opportunity to participateRead MoreInter national Management67196 Words à |à 269 PagesInternational Management Education iii This page intentionally left blank Preface C hanges in the global business environment continue unabated. The global financial crisis and economic recession have challenged some assumptions about globalization and economic integration, but they have also underscored the interconnected nature of global economies. Most countries and regions around the world are inextricably linked, yet profound differences in institutional and cultural environments persistRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words à |à 656 Pagesyear 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late 1700s. But at the sameRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words à |à 1056 PagesFinley Dorothy Sinclair Sandra Dumas Susan McLaughlin Kevin Murphy Laura Ierardi Allison Morris Hilary Newman mb editorial services David Levy à ©Michael Eudenbach/Getty Images, Inc. This book was set in 10/12 ITC Legacy Serif Book by Aptaracorp, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Kendallville. The cover was printed by Courier/Kendallville. This book is printed on acid free paper. Copyright à © 2010, 2007, 2005, 2002 John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproducedRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pagesplease submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationRead MoreManagement Course: MbaâËâ10 General Management215330 Words à |à 862 PagesContemporary Management, Fourth Edition JonesâËâGeorge Driving Shareholder Value MorinâËâJarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition HughesâËâGinnettâËâCurphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition ReedâËâLajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright à ©2005 by The McGrawâËâHill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act ofRead MoreI Love Reading Essay69689 Words à |à 279 Pagesm n a d c a t i o n u o n P l o y m e n t l t h e v i r o n m e n t n a n c e A Study by National Knowledge Commission Entrepreneurship in India National Knowledge Commission 2008 à ©National Knowledge Commission, 2008 This report has been prepared by Amlanjyoti Goswami, Namita Dalmia and Megha Pradhan with support and guidance from Dr. Ashok Kolaskar and Mr. Sunil Bahri. Table of Contents Acknowledgements Executive Summary Chapter I Chapter II Chapter III Chapter IV Chapter VRead MoreRetailing Characteristics of Fast Food Stores and Their Impact on Customer Sales and Satisfaction29639 Words à |à 119 PagesExperience 1.3 The Changing Food Retailing sector in Asia 1.4 Recognition of a Problem 1.5 Objectives of the study INTRODUCTION: 1.1 GLOBAL RETAILING INDUSTRY: The latter half of the 20th Century, in both Europe and North America, has seen the emergence of the supermarket as the dominant grocery retail form. The reasons why supermarkets have come to dominate food retailing are not hard to find. The search for convenience in food shopping and consumption, coupled to car ownership patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-46930353808528999082019-12-31T04:10:00.001-08:002019-12-31T04:10:03.677-08:00University of Tulsa GPA, SAT Scores and ACT Scores patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-10784277859150380662019-12-22T23:57:00.001-08:002019-12-22T23:57:02.874-08:00Analysis Of O Brother And The Odyssey - 1707 Words Culture Changing Classics As the world evolves, so does itââ¬â¢s cultures; furthermore, there are some exceptional parts of all cultures, such as literature, that manage to not become lost with the changes in the world, but these also become subject to the evolution of culture. A great example of a piece of culture that has managed to endure the test of time is Homerââ¬â¢s The Odyssey, and epic poem telling of Odysseus, a warrior and a king, and his long and trying journey back to his home country(Fagles, 186). The evolution of this epic can be seen as it gets interpreted and transferred into other forms of media, particularly film, which is one of the most prominent forms of media in the modern technological world. One popular adaptation of The Odyssey to film is the Academy Award nominated film O Brother, Where Art Thou where Odysseus is portrayed as escaped convict Ulysses Everett McGill, and he leads 2 other escaped convicts who help him return to his home. There are many differences between the classic epic poem and the modern 2001 film that takes place in rural 1937 Mississippi. Modern of ideas of 20th and 21st century culture are far better displayed in the film, making it far more applicable to modern times, than the beliefs that are displayed in the epic poem that takes place in ancient Greek culture, and this is displayed thought the differences of changing the hero from a king to a convict, making the enemies into government officials and representatives religion, butShow MoreRelatedO Brother Where Art Thou1597 Words à |à 7 PagesEnglish 101 April 12, 2008 Film Analysis ââ¬Å"O Brother Where Art Thouâ⬠This old time musical theatrical movie clip was an insightful blast from the past that made you cherish those days where it was inconceivable to not be a gentlemen, and it was a down right shame to be anything less then an honest women. This old time movie with a new age attitude definitely strikes the funny bone of any modern day movie watcher. ââ¬Å"The opening titles inform us that the Coen Brothers O Brother, Where Art Thou is basedRead MoreRetelling Transmissions And The Classical Myth1821 Words à |à 8 Pagesinvolved. With reference to the classical myth odyssey by Homer and is retellings: ââ¬Å"O Brother, Where Art Thou?â⬠and Omeros by Derek Walcott this paper aims at analyzing the relation between myths and their retellings. Retellings Summary ââ¬Å"O Brother, Where Art Thou?â⬠ââ¬Å"O Brother, Where Art Thou?â⬠is a comedy film that was produced by Joel and Ethan Coen ââ¬Å"O Brother, Where Art Thou?â⬠is film based on three friends by the names: Everett Ulysses McGill, O Donnell Delmar, and Pete Hogwallop who escapeRead More Comparring Odysseus of Homers Odyssey and Moses of the Bible1834 Words à |à 8 Pages Comparring Odysseus of Homers Odyssey and Moses of the Bible nbsp; nbsp; Heroes and their stories have been at the center of almost every culture throughout history. There are vast differences among these legends since they have to serve each particular cultures needs. The events, settings and other characters may change dramatically, but the hero is basically the same for all. And the understanding that the use of violence is always justified in the name of the `Gods. nbsp;Read MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words à |à 53 Pagesand John Locke: Late 1600s 8 3. Beginning of Childrenââ¬â¢s Literature: Late 1700s 10 4. Fairy and Folk Tales 12 The Golden Age of Childrenââ¬â¢s Literature: Late 1800s 12 5. Victorian Childrens Literature 16 6. Contemporary Childrens Literature 18 6. Analysis of Harry Pottersââ¬â¢ series 21 7. Conclusion 30 8. Summary 31 Childrenââ¬â¢s Literature Definitions 31 The Ancient World [ancient Rome; 50 BCE to 500 CE] 31 The Middle Ages [500 to 1500 CE] 31 The European Renaissance [1500-1650 CE] 32 The 17th CenturyRead More Mythology in Oedipus Rex Essay examples4094 Words à |à 17 PagesProfessor Goodell says: ââ¬Å"Given an old myth to be dramatized, Sophoclesââ¬â¢ primary question was, ââ¬ËJust what sort of people were they, must they have been, who naturally did and suffered what the tales say they did and suffered?â⬠That was his method of analysis (38). à In his essay ââ¬Å"Sophoclean Tragedyâ⬠Friedrich Nietzsche searches out the mythology in this drama, and finds that the story originates in Persia: à Oedipus who murders his father and marries his mother. Oedipus who solves theRead More Mythology in Oedipus Rex Essays3980 Words à |à 16 PagesProfessor Goodell says: ââ¬Å"Given an old myth to be dramatized, Sophoclesââ¬â¢ primary question was, ââ¬ËJust what sort of people were they, must they have been, who naturally did and suffered what the tales say they did and suffered?â⬠That was his method of analysis (38). à The Greek Sophoclean tragedy Oedipus Rex is based on a myth from the Homeric epic Odysseus. With his tragic flaw the protagonist, Oedipus, lives out the main episodes of the Homeric myth. à In his essay ââ¬Å"Sophoclean Tragedyâ⬠Read MoreLiterature and Politics the Impact of Dostoevsky9582 Words à |à 39 Pagesscattered through his works), but even diametrically opposite interpretations of individual works. After surveying some of the published comment on The Brothers Karamazov, Robert Belknap was led to observe: It is 1. Andre Gide, Dostoievsky, 20e edition (Paris: Librairie Plon, 1930), p. 252. 2. Robert L. Belknap, The Structure of The Brothers Karamazov (The Hague, Paris: Mouton, 1967), p. 14. 3. Simon Karlinsky, Dostoevsky as Rohrschach Test, The New York Times, June 13, 1971, reprinted in DostoevskyRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words à |à 385 PagesCASE STUDIES A summary of the case analysis I N T R O D U C T I O N Preparing an effective case analysis: The full story Hearing with the aid of implanted technology: The case of Cochlearâ⠢ ââ¬â an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in the Sydney indie musicRead Moretheme of alienation n no where man by kamala markandeya23279 Words à |à 94 Pagesthe scenes take place in front of the royal palace at Thebes. Thus Sophocles conforms to the principle of the unity of place. The events unfold in little more than twenty four hours. The play begins on the night when Antigone attempts to bury her brother for the first time. Her second attempt at burial occurs at noon the following day, when Antigone is apprehended. She is convicted and kept overni ght in a cell. The next morning she is taken to a cave, her place of entombment. On Thebes: Thebes wasRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pagesof systematic study. Identify the major behavioral science disciplines that contribute to OB. Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB. Identify the challenges and opportunities managers have in applying OB concepts. Compare the three levels of analysis in this bookââ¬â¢s OB model. MyManagementLab Access a host of interactive learning aids to help strengthen your understanding of the chapter concepts at www.mymanagementlab.com cott Nicholson sits alone in his parentsââ¬â¢ house in suburban Boston patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-28050975236904971932019-12-14T20:26:00.001-08:002019-12-14T20:26:02.573-08:00A Study On Low Back Pain Anthropology Essay Free Essays The well-known anthropologist W.M. Krogman frequently talked about the jobs modern worlds have in some of their biological characteristics as being the consequence of the manner we evolved, what Krogman called the ââ¬Å" cicatrixs of human development. We will write a custom essay sample on A Study On Low Back Pain Anthropology Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now â⬠Discuss a biological composite that you believe Krogman might hold been mentioning to, and include in your essay some grounds why he might hold called these a cicatrix of human development. As hominids began walking upright, they underwent extended morphological versions. The human anchor was forced to suit to new perpendicular weight-bearing emphasiss. As a consequence of this comparatively recent development in the spinal column, modern worlds regularly experience lower back strivings, which can be labeled as ââ¬Å" a cicatrix of human development. â⬠In modern worlds, the vertebral column environments and protects the spinal cord as it descends from the brain-stem at the hiatuss magnum to the lower bole. The vertebral column provides the organic structure ââ¬Ës chief axial support, but it still remains flexible ; the spinal column is comprised of 24 single castanetss, called vertebrae, and two amalgamate castanetss, the tail bone and the sacrum. The first 7 vertebrae located in the cervix are cervical vertebrae, followed by 12 thoracic vertebrae that connect to the rib coop, and 5 lumbar vertebrae that make up the lower dorsum. The sacrum is composed of 5 vertebrae ( organizing the dorsum of the pelvic girdle ) that fuse together during maturity. The tail bone ( the tailbone ) is made up of irregularly shaped vertebrae that fuse together between the ages of four and six old ages. The thoracic and sacral curvatures form during foetal development. The cervical curve signifiers when a human baby begins to keep up its caput. The c oncave lumbar curve signifiers when a immature human kid begins to walk. These characteristics maintain the balance and support necessary for bipedalism. In quadrupeds, there is a gently C-shaped curve that makes the pectoral part of the spinal column somewhat convex. The human biped, nevertheless, has an S-shaped spinal column ensuing from opposing curvatures ( in the cervical and lumbar spinal parts ) grafted onto the C-shape curvature of a quadruped. The lower dorsum ( lumbar ) vertebrae signifier a really acute curve in worlds by puting the last two inter-vertebral phonograph record at a pronounced angle to the transition of organic structure weight. The spinal curves in the biped let the weight of the organic structure to be carried straight over the hip joint sockets in the midplane, by conveying the centre of gravitation closer to the hips. The weight of a biped is borne down the spinal column to the sacrum, where it passes to the hips and so through the two legs. Because the sum of weight additions increasingly down the spinal column, the vertebrae of a biped are progressively larger as they approach the lumbar part. In contrast, weight bearing does non increase along the spinal column of a quadruped, and so the vertebrae remain of about equal size in the different parts of the spinal column. Intervertebral phonograph record of connective tissue separate each vertebra. The exterior is made up of several beds of fibrocartilage. The interior is the karyon, which is filled with a mush that has the consistence of Jell-O. The karyon of the phonograph record act to buffer each vertebra and absorb daze. Once a human reaches maturity, the operation of the spinal column goes downhill. With age, the spongy discs between the vertebrae lose wet and snap ; the mush inside loses flexibleness and becomes less lissome. The harder, drier discs lose tallness, conveying the vertebrae closer together. Many persons develop serious complications of the vertebral column. Intervertebral phonograph record dislocations affect 1000000s of people worldwide ; many suffer serious chronic hurting, and life long disablement. A ruptured phonograph record, ââ¬Å" a slipped phonograph record â⬠in common idiom, occurs when an intervertebral phonograph record becomes thinner and compressed, doing a herniation of the phonograph record ââ¬Ës contents and force per unit area on the spinal nervousnesss, most significantly, the chief sciatic nervus. A tear in the annulus fibrosis on an intervertebral phonograph record allows the soft nucleus pulpous to seep out. This herniation consequences in loss of musculus. An illustration of this muscular devolution is foot retarding force. Almost 90 per centum of herniations happen in vertebrae 4 and 5 in the lumbar vertebrae. These vertebrae have the most acute curve, and bring forth our unsloped position. Because these two vertebrae are so angled, they bear the most differential weight and, consequently, suffer the gr eatest wear and tear. Most people can retrieve from intervertebral phonograph records breakdown without surgery ; the mush that is seeping out will finally abjure from the nervus because it loses wet and it shrinks. However, there are more than 4 million operations a twelvemonth in the United States entirely to rectify disc herniations. If an intervertebral phonograph record interruptions down and consequences in force per unit area on the spinal cord, it can be life endangering. The most immediate symptom is the loss of vesica and bowl control. Another serious complication of the vertebral column is osteoarthritis ââ¬â the dislocation and eventual loss of the gristle between the vertebrae. This consequences in thickener of the articulations and back uping ligaments and the growing of bony goads that can shut in around the issues for the spinal nervousnesss. Osteoarthritis can take to spinal stricture, which is ââ¬Å" the narrowing of the cardinal spinal canal or its sidelong deferrals â⬠( Weinstein ) . Lower back hurting was non every bit large as a job for our ascendants. There are three theories to explicate this fact. The first account is that the little organic structure of our ascendants led to less force through lumbar system. The 2nd account is that our ascendants were non couch murphies. Our ascendants had improbably powerful musculuss ( robust castanetss and big articulations ) , as a consequence of changeless physical activity. This helped to continue the lower dorsum. The 3rd account is that our ascendants did non populate every bit long as modern worlds, as so they did non make the age where back jobs emerge. In support of this theory is the fact that the average age for disc surgery is 42 old ages old. Today, more than 70 per centum of grownups suffer from back hurting at one point in their lives, and 30 per centum have had it in the last 30 yearss. There are many ways to handle and forestall back hurting in modern worlds. The most of import is exercising, and increasing our musculus tone of the dorsum and legs. Minimizing sitting is besides good, because chairs offer uneven distribution of weight. Surgery is a intervention option, but it should be the last option ; surgery can be really painful, and sometimes it does non relieve the hurting. Treating back hurting presently costs $ 26 billion a twelvemonth ; which is 2.5 per centum of entire wellness attention costs in the United States. Lower dorsum hurting is a biological composite that Krogman would hold clearly labeled as a cicatrix of human development. It is the inevitable merchandise of bipedalism and length of service. Hopefully medical scientific discipline will progress to a point where it can more efficaciously relieve this painful effect of human development. Mentions: Deyo, Richard A. ââ¬Å" Low Back Pain. â⬠Blackboard. Web. Mann, Alan. ââ¬Å" Bipedalism, Power Point Presentations 1 and 2. â⬠Lecture. How to cite A Study On Low Back Pain Anthropology Essay, Essay examples patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-86124783528852953702019-12-06T16:49:00.001-08:002019-12-06T16:49:04.437-08:00LLM coursework Medical Laws Question: Discuss about the LLM coursework Medical Laws. Answer: Introduction Liberty rights are guaranteed to everyone in the society regardless of their social, economic, political, ethnic or racial diversity. The constitution is universal and applies to everyone in the society. According to the constitution, each and every person has a right to liberty. Despite the clarity of the law, there have been instances in which it has been challenging to address the liberty needs of the people with mental illnesses in the society[1]. As a matter of fact, mental conditions can make an individual to be at a greater risk both to themselves and to others as well. To protect the mentally-ill from jeopardizing their own lives and that of others around them, the mentally-ill patients should be admitted into a healthcare facility. Although this should not be forcefully done as outlined in the Mental Health Act and Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, certain situations might warrant an involuntary detention of the mentally-ill patie nts. This paper presents an insightful analysis of the effectiveness of the safeguards that protect the mentally-ill persons from unlawful use of the Mental Health Act 1983 to subject them to forceful detention. The paper focuses on the effectiveness of the Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in effectively safeguarding the rights of the mentally-ill individuals in the society. The Mental Health Act 1983 According to the Mental Health Act 1983, no person shall be forcefully-detained. If there is need to do so, everything should be done in compliance with well-outlined procedures. Part II: Compulsory Admission to Hospital and Guardianship of the act stipulates that any act of admission for assessment, or treatment should be done in accordance with the law. At no one time, unless specified in the law, should an individual be deprived of their liberty rights. As clearly stipulated in the Mental Health Act 1983, no person with mental disorder should be arbitrarily arrested. Meaning, every mentally-ill patient should be voluntarily detained. For instance, when a persons mental condition exposes him to personal risks, becomes danger to other people, or has a deteriorating health condition that requires immediate medical intervention[2]. In such circumstances, one might be involuntarily detained and admitted into a health facility to be cared for[3]. Once the patient has been admitted into a health facility, their rights should still be respected. Should any of these be done, an individual should be provided with the necessary healthcare. However, the service providers should not just do so at will without seeking for the consent of the patient. Such decisions should not be entirely made by the healthcare provider without seeking for the contributions of the patient. At the same time, the period of detention and medication should be done in a ccordance with the law. Despite the fact that the law is very clear on what should be done, there have been cases of abuse of the liberty rights of the mentally-ill patients in the society. Several people have been complaining if arbitrary arrest. Although the law specifies circumstances under which a mentally-ill person should be involuntarily arrested, many people have just been involuntarily detained without following the right procedure specified in the law. Such arrests infringe on individuals privacy or liberty rights. Even if the arrests might be done with a good motive, they should be carried by following the right procedure. People always lodge such complaints because of the arbitrary manner in which the arrests are made[4]. Even after that, the officers do not care to inform the arrested persons on the reasons why they have been detained. The violation of the patients liberty rights does not end at detention. Instead, it continues even after admission into a healthcare facility when the patients get wrongfully-detained for a longer period of time than accepted by the law. It is true that the law allows such people to be detained for some time if at all it is in the interest of their own health. However, some times, the authorities do not follow the law. Even after detaining such patients, they opt to do so for a longer time than specified in the law. This implies that they are depriving the patients of their liberty rights. Sub section 4 of the act is very clear on the kind of procedure to be followed while carrying out each of these activities. However, a deliberate abuse of these legislations has led to a persistent complain by a large number of people over the years. Safeguarding the Rights of the Mentally-Ill Persons against Arbitrary use of the Mental Health Act The Mental Health Act 1983 is very clear on the rights of mentally-ill patients. A part from providing protecting the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons, it provides a clear guideline on how the patients can be treated in case of any detention. It specifies how the rights dealing with medication, information, and period of detention should be handled. Despite doing a commendable job in protecting the rights of the mentally-ill persons, it is no doubt that the application of the principles of the act has not been effectively done. As already hinted, the mentally-ill persons have been subjected to different forms of abuses. Whereas some of them have been arbitrarily detained, others have been forcefully-treated and detained for longer periods. This is unlawful and should not be condoned. To address such challenges, measures have been put in place to safeguard the rights of the mentally-ill persons. The first way through which this is done is by upholding the principles of the Mental Health Act 1983. The act is a good legislation that can greatly benefit the mentally-ill persons if at all it is applied to the letter. It provides good guidelines on exactly how the authorities should diligently carry out their activities without unnecessarily infringing on the rights of the patients. For example, if all the voluntary and involuntary detentions are done in accordance with the law, the mentally-ill patients cannot be victimized whatsoever[5]. Instead, they can be treated with all the dignity that they deserve. For example, if adequate information on detention is provided, the patient will get to know and appreciate why they have to be subjected to such procedures. Otherwise, if they are humiliated and harassed without given an opportunity to protest, the rights would have been seriously violated[6]. Apart from the Mental Health Act, the safeguarding of the mentally-ill persons can be achieved by applying Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. According to this legislation, every individual is entitled to liberty rights. The legislation can be applied in safeguarding the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons. Just like any other person, the mentally-ill persons have rights that should not be infringed whatsoever. It can help in ensuring that the mentally-ill persons are protected from unlawful detention[7]. The application of this legislation can bar the authorities from using force to detain a mentally-ill person because it outlaws it[8]. The legislation only gives room for involuntary detention in case of certain acceptable circumstances such as protection of the right of the person and other people who might be at risk as a result of exposure to mental illness or mentally-ill person[9]. So, it means that the legislation is appropria te for protecting the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons from any unnecessary abuses as was evidenced in the case of Wai Kwong Ng[10]. The Effectiveness of the Safeguards which Exist to Protect Against the Arbitrary The safeguarding of the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons has been prospering well because of the application of such laws. The existence of legislations such as the Mental Health Act 1983 and Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms have played a significant role in the safeguarding of the mentally-ill persons from abuse of liberty rights. These are good legislations which have helped in many ways[11]. The reduction in the rate of abuses of the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons has therefore been attributed to the application of these legislations. It is therefore right to claim that these legislations have been effective in the safeguarding of the mentally-ill persons from abuses because of the following reasons: First, the legislations have provided a clear framework on the detention mechanisms to adopt whenever dealing with any person. According to the Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, no one should be forcefully detained. Each and every person is entitled to freedom. At no one time should ones freedom be infringed unlawfully. Every person should be allowed to enjoy their freedom as long as it does not interfere with others. This legislation has been effective because it bars the authorities from taking laws into their own hands. It therefore bars them from unlawfully arresting and detaining anyone without seeking for their consent. However, in order to be much effective, the legislation has provided for exceptional conditions under which a mentally-ill person can be involuntarily detained. It specifies that such involuntary detentions can be done in case of law-breaking, court order, or protecting the life of the mentally-ill person from imminen t danger or rather preventing them from endangering other peoples lives[12]. This is a good thing to do because it helps in ensuring that no unlawful detention is made. Such safeguards are appropriate for the mentally-ill persons. It prevents the authorities from taking advantage of the situation to violate the law by arbitrarily detaining a mentally-ill person o matter how good the intention might be[13]. Besides, the Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is effective because it guarantees victims of unlawful arrest to be compensated. As clearly outlined in Article 5(5) of the legislation, every person who is unlawfully-detention has a right to be compensated. This legislation is a good one because it helps in discouraging the officers from unlawfully detaining anyone. The fact that any such misconducts warrant compensation makes it difficult for the law enforcement officers to arbitrarily detain anybody. Should they be convicted of such offences, they can be held accountable for their actions. Meaning, it can cost them the job or be compelled to compensate the victim whenever necessary[14]. By coming up with such a clause, the article can be relied upon to effectively fight the cases of abuse of peoples liberty rights. Once any such violations are liable for punishment, no one can deliberately attempt to do it. This justifies why most detention s are done in accordance with the law. The enforcement of such clauses makes the safeguards to be more effective in protecting the rights of the mentally-ill persons that might be subjected to lots of violations. The safeguards therefore appear to be in the interest of the mentally-ill persons. In addition, the safeguards are effective because they advocate for a strict observation of the due process of the law. The legislation safeguards the victims from abuse of rights because it outlines that once an individual is detained, one must be promptly informed about the reasons why such measures have been taken against them. The law requires that every person should be adequately informed on the reasons why a detention should be carried out. This can help in safeguarding the individual even if they are not in a stable mental condition to make their own decisions[15]. It is a commendable thing to do because it can enable the detained person to be aware of what is happening. Even if detention is done for the sole purpose of providing medical treatment to the mentally-ill person, it should not be secretly done. Instead, all the information should be disclosed to the patient lest his rights be violated. This will help in safeguarding the right of the patient because it can enable t hem to be knowledgeable. The healthcare providers always have an ethical obligation to deliver patient-centered care. Meaning, all services should be provided to the patient by giving them accurate information and respecting them[16]. Moreover, the safeguard has been considered effective in the protection of the rights of the mentally-ill persons because it advocates for a strict compliance with the principle of due process of the law. This simply means that any detained person should be brought before a court of law. The following of the due process of the law implies that a detained mentally-ill patient should be taken before a court of law. Once this is done, the individual gets a chance to know the charges and be allowed to respond to them[17]. Such responses can be done in person or through a representation of a lawyer. Indeed, the advocating for a due process is a commendable initiative. It can help in preventing any cases of abuse on the rights of the mentally-ill person. The subjecting of mentally-ill persons to the due process of the law makes it possible for them to get the justice they deserve even if they are convicted or acquitted. Although due process does not apply to all the patients, it should be granted to the mentally-ill persons who are presented before a court of law. When all these are effectively done, the rights of the mentally-ill persons are properly safeguarded[18]. It helps in preventing any abuse of the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons as was seen during the conflict between Dittenhafer and Colvin[19]. Finally, the safeguard measures effective because they grant the detained persons with an opportunity to participate in the healthcare delivery process. When a person is detained, they deserve to be safeguarded by getting an interrupted access to quality healthcare series. However, to guarantee quality, the healthcare services should be provided by highly trained and experienced healthcare providers[20]. The providers can contribute towards the safeguarding of the patients rights by seeking for their consent whenever serving them. After informing the patient on the nature and role of medical services to be delivered, the provider should not fail to allow the patient to give their opinion regarding the medication provided. The law of consent can be exempted only when the patient is not in a good state of mind. Should this be the case, a formal consent can be sought from a third party mainly driven from the patients family members. All in all, the seeking of consent is a good thing to do while attending to a mentally-ill patient[21]. It can help in ensuring that high quality and safe healthcare services are delivered to the patient. Otherwise, the patients rights might have been violated. The existing safeguards are quite effective in the protection of mentally-ill persons from arbitrary application of the Mental Health Act 1983. The act is a good one because it serves the interests of the mentally-ill persons. Unlike the rest of the society, the mentally-ill persons are so vulnerable. Their mental state exposes them to lots of challenges including illnesses. At times, the mentally-ill persons cannot make rational decisions regarding their safety and health. This might make it easier for them to be detained and admitted to healthcare facilities so as to be given healthcare services[22]. The effectiveness of the safeguards has helped in protecting this class of people from unlawful detentions. The safeguards have clearly outlined the procedures to follow while admitting the mentally-ill persons into healthcare facilities to attend to them. Indeed, the safeguards have made it easier for the authorities to respect the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons. If it wer e not for the effectiveness of these safeguards, the rights of people like Searing would have been seriously violated[23]. Over the years, the existing laws have been amended and made to be much better for every person in the society. Whenever any tough situation arises, appropriate changes are made. For example, in 2009, the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS) came into effect following the 2004 landmark ruling by the European Court of Human Rights[24]. The enactment of such legislations has made it much possible for the authorities to effectively safeguard the mentally-ill persons from any unnecessary abuses[25]. If it were not for such safeguards, the rights of the mentally-ill persons would have been trampled and abused without any care. Conclusion Indeed, the enactment of the Mental Health Act 1983 is the greatest development in the history of the nation. It has been of enormous contribution towards the safeguarding of the rights f the mentally-ill persons in the society. For a very long time, many people have been taking advantage of the vulnerability of the mentally-ill persons to throw them into detentions without necessarily seeking for their consent or following the due process of the law. The many cases of abuse of the Mental Health Act 1983 have been eradicated by the safeguard measures put in place. So far, the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons have been effectively safeguarded by the existing measures. They have made it much easier for the concerned authorities to protect the mentally-ill persons from unnecessary violations[26]. The laws clearly outline circumstances under which a person suffering from a mental illness can be detained. So, whenever conducting their duties, the authorities should not arrest an yone unless warranted by the relevant exceptions. Such legislations have made it easier to protect the liberty rights of the mentally-ill persons. The existence of such legislations has created room for the human rights activists to advocate for the rights of the mentally-ill persons and among other things, safeguard them from unlawful detentions and violation of privacy, security and liberty rights. However, the fact that some form of abuses still occur implies that the safeguards have not been the best. Meaning, a lot of measures still need to be taken to improve the existing safeguards. If further improvements are made on the existing safeguards, the welfare of the mentally-ill persons will be adequately safeguarded. References Ashmore, Russell. "Visa refusal following compulsory hospital admission under the Mental Health Act 1983 (England and Wales): fact or fiction?." Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing 22, no. 6 (2015): 390-396. Baehr, Peter. Human rights: universality in practice (Springer, 2016) 99. Barkes v. First Correctional Medical, Inc., 766 F.3d 307 (3d Cir. 2014). Buckland, R.,. The decision by Approved Mental Health Professionals to use compulsory powers under the Mental Health Act 1983: a Foucauldian discourse analysis. British Journal of Social Work, p.bcu114, 2014. Canvin, K., Rugksa, J., Sinclair, J. and Burns, T., 2014. Patient, psychiatrist and family carer experiences of community treatment orders: qualitative study. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 49(12), pp.1873-1882. Decker, Michele R., Anna-Louise Crago, Sandra KH Chu, Susan G. Sherman, Meena S. Seshu, Kholi Buthelezi, Mandeep Dhaliwal, and Chris Beyrer. "Human rights violations against sex workers: burden and effect on HIV." The Lancet 385, no. 9963 (2015): 186-199. DITTENHAFER v. Colvin, No. 3: 15-cv-00214-LB (N.D. Cal. Sept. 30, 2015). Donnelly, Jack. Universal human rights in theory and practice (Cornell University Press, 2013) 39. Garrison v. Colvin, 759 F.3d 995 (9th Cir. 2014). Gunn, Michael. "Reform of the Mental Health Act 1983: The Relevance of Capacity to Make Decisions." International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law 3 (2014): 40-44. Harris, David John, Michael O'Boyle, Ed Bates, and Carla Buckley. Harris, O'Boyle Warbrick: Law of the European convention on human rights. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. Jewell, Amelia, Kimberlie Dean, Tom Fahy, and Alexis E. Cullen. "Predictors of Mental Health Review Tribunal (MHRT) outcome in a forensic inpatient population: a prospective cohort study." BMC Psychiatry 17, no. 1 (2017): 25. Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., 133 S. Ct. 1659, 569 U.S. 12, 185 L. Ed. 2d 671 (2013). Lvsletten, Maria, Elisabeth Haug, Arild Granerud, Kjell Nordby, and Toril Smaaberg. "Prevalence and management of patients with outpatient commitment in the mental health services." Nordic journal of psychiatry 70, no. 6 (2016): 401-406. Obergefell v. Hodges, 135 S. Ct. 2071, 576 U.S., 191 L. Ed. 2d 953 (2015). Perez v. Fenoglio, 792 F.3d 768 (7th Cir. 2015). Rainey, Bernadette, Elizabeth Wicks, and Clare Ovey. Jacobs, White and Ovey: the European convention on human rights (Oxford University Press (UK), 2014) 121. Renteln, Alison Dundes. International human rights: universalism versus relativism (Quid Pro Books, 2013) 68. Rogers, Anne, and David Pilgrim. A sociology of mental health and illness (McGraw-Hill Education (UK), 2014) 20. Sharpe, Robert, Birgit Vllm, Amina Akhtar, Ramneesh Puri, and Andrew Bickle. "Transfers from prison to hospital under Sections 47 and 48 of the Mental Health Act between 2011 and 2014." The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry Psychology 27, no. 4 (2016): 459-475. Searing v. VIVAS, No. 84A05-1506-DR-530 (Ind. Ct. App. Mar. 8, 2016). Singh, S.P., Burns, T., Tyrer, P., Islam, Z., Parsons, H. and Crawford, M.J. Ethnicity as a predictor of detention under the Mental Health Act. Psychological medicine, 44(05), pp.997-1004, 2014. Smith, Rhona, and Rhona KM Smith. Textbook on international human rights (Oxford University Press, 2016) 54. Tomuschat, Christian. Human rights: between idealism and realism (OUP Oxford, 2014) 83. WAI KWONG NG v. Holder, No. 12-70594 (9th Cir. Oct. 31, 2014).ghts (Oxford University Press, 2016) 54. patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-33032000108305574912019-11-29T05:05:00.001-08:002019-11-29T05:05:04.723-08:00Shyness Essay ExampleShyness Essay Some people feel forced to be shy. Even while they know that their best interests will be provided by speaking out, they cannot bring themselves to do so. Shyness is particularly prevalent in the adolescent and young-adult years, while individuals are learning to make alterations to new roles and new self-expectations. The majority people outgrow these earlier symptoms of shyness, mainly as they learn roles proper to adult status. There are various individuals, however, who are so easily panicked by anxiety and self-doubt that they are not capable to develop more mature forms of behavior. As they are shy, they fail to live up to their own prospect in a group setting. As they brood over the humiliation resultant from such failures, they feel even more worthless and inadequate. This in turn deepens their feelings of inferiority and aggravates their shyness. This circular type of relations is rather characteristic of the more anxious mechanisms. Although the individual employs the mechanism to evade or diminish anxiety, it succeeds only momentarily or partially. He then feels ashamed of his weakness in falling back on such a contemptible mechanism. The greater his guilt, the greater his anxiety, and the greater his anxiety, the greater the probability that he will use the mechanism. Shyness is not inevitably maladaptive. As a ephemeral fear of the unfamiliar, it may have a protecting function as it activates affection behavior. Shyness as retiring expressive behavior is not simply accepted as feminine, but might even assume flirtative qualities. Therefore, shyness might have quite diverse qualities in different social contexts, for different people (boys and girls in particular), and in different phases of development. In 1896, Harry Campbell, a British physician, delivered a comprehensive report on what he termed morbid shyness to the British Medical Society. With mythical flair, he described the shy person this way: His soul is full of love and song, but the world knows it not; the iron disguise of shyness is riveted before his face and the man beneath is never seen. Genial words and greetings are ever rising to his lips but they die away in unheard whispers before the steel clamps. (Campbell 1986) We will write a custom essay sample on Shyness specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Shyness specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Shyness specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As full of understanding as this description appears to be, for many years the scientific community showed astonishingly little interest in shyness. Perhaps the shy and socially anxious were too thriving in their attempts to remain modest and nearly invisible. Even though over the years terms such as bashfulness, reticence, neuroticism, and withdrawal were used to explain social distress, little research literature focused on the roots or dynamics of shyness itself. conceivably, like the common cold, shyness has been mostly unobserved because it is so very common. But in the seventies, science began to look at this indefinable concept, and as the self-help movement rushed throughout that decade, a variety of books appeared that espoused to the shy diverse ways of coping with their social discomforts. The writer most extensively known for bringing shyness into the public light was Philip Zimbardo. In 1972, with colleagues, Zimbardo administered to more than ten thousand subjects the Stanford Shyness Survey. Forty percent of the subjects explained themselves as shy in some sense. while asked whether they had ever viewed themselves as shy, 80 percent reported they had, seventeen percent said they had never labeled themselves shy although felt they had had feelings of shyness in certain situations, and only one percent reported never having experienced shyness at all.(1982) Zimbardo and his colleagues also examined other cultures and countries. They found that, compared to Americans, the Japanese and Taiwanese had a larger percentage of shy people (60 percent of the total population); at 30 percent of the total, Israel had the lowest. And in no culture did more than 10 percent of the respondents explain themselves as never shy. In attempting to describe the vague subjective term shyness with some precision, Zimbardo and his colleagues provided a useful breakdown of its basic components in four realms of subjective experience: â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à Cognitionsthat is, thoughts, comprise perceptions of self-consciousness, concerns regarding impressions one is making on others, concerns about what others are thinking, and the persons own pessimistic self-evaluations. â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à Affective states, or shy feelings, comprise the awareness of anxiety, feelings of distress, anxiety, embarrassment, and ineptness. â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à Physiological changes, such as increased pulse rate, blushing, perspiration, palpitations, trouble inhalation, and butterflies in the stomach. â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à Behavioral responses among males, comprise diminished talking and diminished eye contact, compared with nonshy males; and amongst females, high frequencies of head nodding and nervous smiling. (Zimbardo, 1977). Besides describing the skewed experience of shyness, Zimbardo and his group surveyed the adverse consequences of shyness as illustrated by their respondents. They reported that shyness forms social problems, making it hard to meet people, make friends, or enjoy potentially good experiences. It is linked with distasteful emotions such as depression, isolation, and loneliness. Shyness makes it firm to be forceful of or express personal opinions and values. It makes others view one pessimistically or fail to perceive ones personal assets. It causes a person to be judged wrongly as snooty, unfriendly, bored, or weak. It obstructs with clear thinking or communicating. And it reason one to be self-conscious and extremely concerned with others reactions. In a distressing summation of the subjective experience of shyness, Zimbardo quotes numerous of his respondents in their eighties as longing to have one non-shy day before they die. Zimbardo strongly believed that shyness was not a usual state that normal children grew out of but a considerable psychological phenomenon that can have profound effects upon numerous aspects of the shy persons life and a major personal problem of major proportions. Zimbardos careful recognition of the components of shyness and his description of its unfavorable consequences allow us to begin to see how shyness is related to social phobia and how to differentiate between them. Researchers have described the unfavorable consequences and disabling behaviors linked with the experience of shyness, no one has stabbed to measure the phenomenon. To shed light on this cloudy issue, it will assist to view shyness as a psychological continuum affecting between 25 and 40 percent of Americans. Within this continuum, we can recognize various levels of power and disability: â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à The greatest percentage of those experiencing shyness fall into the normal range. â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à About eight percent of those reporting shyness are what several researchers term borderline casesthat is, at times disabled by their shyness and sometimes not. Age has an impact too: over time shy people can become less so and nonshy people more so. â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à According to epidemiological research, about 2 percent of our population are socially phobic that is, severe enough to cause social impairment. â⬠¢ à à à à à à à à One more psychiatric category, called avoidant personality disorder, might represent the most troubled extreme of the continuum. When we view the continuum all together, it is simple to see why the word shyness is often used chaotically by both lay and proficient people. To clarify, shyness is a type of social anxiety, while general social phobia is a more extreme form. As of the lack of precision about these terms, even much of the experiential research on shyness really focuses on social phobia. Comparative studies in this field have served two purposes. They permit us to study the development of emotions under controlled conditions, so that the animals previous history is fully known (and verbal learning, of course, is not a complication). They also give perspective, and draw our thought to considerable relations that otherwise might not be seen, partially because the phenomena are so familiar. Fear of strangers so called shyness is usually present in the 6-to-12 month infant; fear of darkness, or imaginary things in the darkness, occurs in a large part of children, who experience them at one time or another after the age of 3 years; fear of undisruptive as well as harmful snakes is very nearly collective after the age of 6 years or so; and this list could be significantly extended. But perhaps as they are so well known, singlywe do not put these facts mutually and ask whether man is after all as rational as we think him, or, when we are concerned concerning social hostilit ies, whether mans attitude toward those who have a diverse skin color or different beliefs might not be part of the similar broad picture of irrationality. But this is precisely what is suggested by a comparative approach to the problem. Bierman Furman ( 1984)) illustrate the differential meanings of shyness in boys and girls in a developmental perspective. Explicitly, they have found that shyness in girls is associated with optimistic aspects of the mother-child relationship, whereas shyness in boys is not; mothers of boys expressed some displeasure with the fact that their sons had not outgrown their childish shyness by 50 months. Similar findings have been reported by Asendorpf ( 1990b), who found that shyness in girls was linked with tender and affectionate mother daughter relationships whereas mothers of shy boys were less satisfied with and less accepting of their sons. consequently, it appears as if shyness in girls may be more satisfactory to parents than shyness in boys. Therefore, one must expect that shyness in boys would be aggressively discouraged while shyness in girls would not simply be accepted, but also completely rewarded by parents, thus leading to a greater sequential continuity of shy behavior in girls. Likewise, it seems probable that the family conditions linked with shyness may diverge for boys and girls. Communicative competence can concurrently be conceived of as a contributor to or source of shyness, as a means or progression by which shyness is maintained and even exacerbated, and as an result of shy behavior. The exact ways in which communication competence, affective factors such as anxiety, enthusiasm, and self-efficacy, and experience contribute to shyness is composite, and any model needs to be a dynamic one which takes into deliberation the developmental nature of the phenomena. As a source, poorer communicative competence handicaps the child in eagerly and effectively conversing with others. As a means, poorer communicative competence may raise the probability of negative feedback, negative self-perceptions, and anxiety, and limit opportunities to develop social skills, thereby retaining shyness. There is extensive research documenting higher frequency of lower self-esteem and self-perceptions of competence in shy adolescents and adults (Buss, 1984; Clark Arkowitz, 1975), and Asendorpf (1990b) has lately demonstrated the development of inhibition in familiar contexts throughout repeated social failure. Finally, poorer communicative competence may be an outcome of a ferocious cycle in which shy individuals have less experience through personal choice or the lack of opportunities given them to observe, try out, and practice interactional strategies. As Cazden ( 1972) has noted, communication skills as with other composite skills should be learned through practice to the point where performance is automatic (p. 236 ). The dynamic interaction between communication experiences, communicative competence, and influence with respect to shyness also suggests that efforts to widen communication skills must help alleviate shyness. Glass and Shea ( 1986) report that 10- to 20% of shy adults who volunteer for their therapeutic program seem not to recognize what to do in conversations and assist from social skills training. Likewise, training studies in which explicit communication skills have been coached have demonstrated valuable effects on the recipients of this training. Specifically, Bierman and Furman (1984) trained children who were both lacking in communication skills and low in peer reception on a explicit set of conversational skills linked to social competence self-expression or sharing information concerning oneself, questioning or asking other about themselves, and leadership bids such as proffering help, invitations, and advice. Follow-up six weeks after training signified improvements in chil drens conversational performance in dyadic and peer group contacts and higher rates of interaction with peers at lunchtime amongst the trained than untrained subjects. Videotapes of selected training sessions indicated that the use of these conversational skills was linked with positive peer responses throughout the treatment ( Bierman, 1986). However, we flatten individuality in seeking a solution to the shyness in our society. But we should recognize that shyness is but a symptom of the existence of cultural values and social practices that deprive the quality of human life. Those values can be modified without essentially adopting the political and economic orientations of the shyness averting societies we know. In forming social structures where people can live in harmony, we do not require to weaken the spirit of the individual rather, we can develop his or her own strength. But it is only by beginning to seriously examine our own cultural priorities that we can start the social insurrection needed to overcome shyness and prevent its manifestation in the next generation of children. In overcoming shyness, we celebrate life and find out in ourselves a capability to love and an energy for living that we dared not distinguish before. It is worth any attempt to make that discovery in ourselves, our children, our mates, and our friends. The time to begin is now, the place to begin is here, and the person to head the journey to overcome shyness is you. patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-42334350415940108132019-11-25T12:39:00.001-08:002019-11-25T12:39:04.889-08:00Analysis of Truth â⬠Communications EssayAnalysis of Truth ââ¬â Communications Essay Free Online Research Papers Analysis of Truth Communications Essay Truth is that to which the community ultimately settles down (Charles Pierce). The concept of truth has been a subject of human fascination and philosophical investigation since the days of the early philosophers. The quotation above claims that truth is something that requires a consensus gentium an agreement of all the people. But does the fact that all agree on something makes it necessarily true? This mere question is in itself somewhat of a philosophical riddle, as not everyone can have the same opinion on such a complex matter. Human society is so diverse and so divided that it is virtually impossible to have all members of the community to agree on the same issue. The question of what is a community can also lead to a broad philosophical discussion, however for the purpose of the analysis the community spoken about will be the human society. The quotation above states that truth is what the community ultimately settles for, hence the statement can be subjected to several interpretations. The statement implies that it is only the conclusion that is accepted by the community as the truth, and therefore implies that truth is only a result of a process. Dialectics and Hegelian philosophy describe development as a struggle of the thesis against the antithesis, which come to a resulting conclusion of the synthesis. This reflects perfectly the idea of Charles Pierce that the truth is only an ultimate achievement. An example for this would be Galileos findings that earth is part of a heliocentric system. Galileo was in fact only one amongst many whom believed that the universe is geocentric, i.e. with planet Earth at its centre. The situation in the world depicts Galileo as the thesis, and common belief as the antithesis. Both situations existed and eventually the community settled down Galileos findings. Hence the synthesis. A strong implication the Hegelian philosophy is that truth can not exist without the false, for one would not know how to distinguish the truth if one does not have anything to compare it with. Sà ¸ren Kierkegaard said Truth always rests with the minority, and the minority is always stronger than the majority, because the minority is generally formed by those who really have an opinion, while the strength of a majority is illusory, formed by the gangs who have no opinion and who, therefore, in the next instant (when it is evident that the minority is the stronger) assume its opinionâ⬠¦while truth again reverts to a new minority. Kierkegaard supports the claim that finding truth is a continuing process, however he also claims that the resolution is not to be found, as truth can only be found with the minority. This is the minority for it does not represent the most common beliefs, and the most common beliefs are the ones attained by the community. Therefore Kierkegaard argues the opposite of Pierce, because he is stating that truth lies not with the community but with those who rebel against it! But Kierkegaards statement is a contradiction, for once the minoritys truth replaces the majoritys false truth, the new truth (now held by the majority) becomes false as well, and the only real truth is now held by a new minority. Friedrich Nietzche said once that the ability to enforce truths is a powerful privilege held only by policy makers. And therefore, what the majority accepts as truth is not necessarily because of righteousness, but because of the power held by those who create it! Nietzche here implies that having the truth is related to having control. How is control achieved then? Well, very simply: Truth is related to validity, validity is related to certainty, certainty can be made into knowledge, and knowledge is power! However in todays post-modernist society, with means such as the television and the Internet, knowledge is accessible to everyone. What is not accessible to everyone is certainty the certainty that in fact by acquiring knowledge one acquires truth. Hence truth can only be truth if it is a valid claim, and it can only be held by those who are certain of this claim. Therefore Nietzches statement is still valid, as the power of constituting truths rests in the hands of only a few privileged individuals and those are the ones who constitute the truths for the majority. Realising both claims by Nietzche and by Kierkegaard, one, in his mind, can picture society as it is. The picture one will get in his mind is of a rhombus. The people who constitute the truths for the majority are on top. Their truths are truths only if they are certain of their absolute opinion. Even if they are lying, as long as they know for certain that it is lying it is still the truth. On the bottom of the rhombus there are those who, according to Kierkegaard, have the truth for they are the ones with the integrity and passion. Between the two poles of the rhombus there is the majority, who do not have truth for they are merely fed by those who claim to have the truth, i.e. do not know if their truths are either certain or valid. With time, the rhombus will flip and those who are now at the bottom will become those at the top. This is the permanent struggle and evolution of the human race. This continuing struggle to find the truth is the motor force of our society For holdi ng the truth means holding the power. The desire for power enflames the desire for knowledge, for knowledge is to be absolutely certain, to prove that a claim is valid and to ultimately find the truth! Therefore the discussion of truth being what the community ultimately decides to be true is futile, for the rhombus is constantly turning, and the ultimate had not been attained yet. There exists an obvious fact that seems utterly moral; namely, that a man is always a prey to his truths. Once he had admitted them, he cannot free himself from them. This statement by Albert Camus affirms the fact that the majority of human beings are in fact trapped in the middle between the two poles of the rhombus, hence the right to try and flip it is even more justified. For example: The publication of Charles Darwins On the Origin of Species caused a chaos in the modern world, and in fact caused the flipping of the rhombus. The one at the top of the rhombus at the time was The Catholic Church, which constituted the truth for the majority those in the middle of the rhombus. Darwin and his disciples were at the bottom, and with time, the rhombus flipped and Darwins theories were now on top, making room for a new minority at the bottom. Hegel said that truth can only be obtained in rhetorical view, and therefore, perhaps in the future some new theory will evolve that will once again flip the rhombus upside down. John Locke probably would have objected to the entire argument that truth can be settled by the means of having an entire community agreeing, for he advocated that there is no world that exists outside the mind. George Berkeley extended Lockes ideas about doubting the world outside the mind by arguing that there is no evidence for such a world because the only things that one can observe are sensations, and these are all in the mind of the individual and not the community. Truth, is therefore not what the community ultimately settles down, because the community will never settle down! Each resolution obtained is only temporary, and truth is only a term relative to whoever constitutes it. However the community will always try and attain the truth, however futile this attempt is. As Pierre-Joseph Proudohn said, Centuries will pass before that ideal is attained, but our law is to go in that direction, to grow unceasingly nearer to that endâ⬠¦ Yiiiiiiftak, If you were a university student, year 1, you would have probably got a 70% mark for it! You have a clear argument, a reasonably coherent structure and supported by a good level of references. Most of my comments are technical and can easily be corrected or altered. They would not change your essay but will make it simpler to follow the argument. Just to make the argument work in your head a little more, think of the following opposites: Subjective ââ¬â Objective Conviction ââ¬â Knowledge Believing ââ¬â Understanding Since you are now also comfortable in French, think of the language mode you would use for each of those terms (i.e. subjonctif; conditionnelle; etc.). much of the essay actually evolves around these issues. Amatsia Research Papers on Analysis of Truth - Communications EssayHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThree Concepts of PsychodynamicCapital PunishmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaHip-Hop is ArtWhere Wild and West MeetMind Travel patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-20316292619797323012019-11-21T20:03:00.001-08:002019-11-21T20:03:03.158-08:00Choose one of the specifeic food u like, make an argument, and write EssayChoose one of the specifeic food u like, make an argument, and write about it - Essay Example In that context, it may sound strange, but canned and frozen foods and vegetables are a veritable source of nutrition, which satisfy a range of consumer choices and expectations. Though canned and frozen foods and vegetables happen to be processed foods, yet the good thing is that they provide people with the much needed nutrition, in a safe, convenient and cost effective manner, while complying with the environmental norms and criteria. The one amazing thing about canned and frozen foods and vegetables is that they have a high nutrition value and content (Belasco 57). It is a fact that fresh foods like fruits and vegetables do lose much nutrition during transit to the stores. In contrast, the canned and frozen foods and vegetables are processed when the food items are still fresh and thereby have a high nutrition value. The processing of fruits and vegetables resorts to an array of traditional activities like peeling and cutting and the subsequent boiling or freezing of the available fresh foods. Thereby, once the fresh fruits and vegetables are canned or frozen, their nutrition potential gets preserved and remains intact for a long period of time. The consumers can consume these canned and frozen foods while benefiting from their high nutrition value. Going by the hectic schedules and scarcity of time that the contemporary consumers have to contend with, canned and frozen foods and vegetables are indeed convenient and save on time (Belasco 70). Canned and frozen foods do save on time in the sense that they are cut, peeled and cooked in advance, and can thereby be readily consumed without resorting to any elaborate processing or cooking procedure. The same cannot be said of the fresh foods, vegetables and fruits. Besides, canned and frozen foods and vegetables are also convenient as they allow the consumers an patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-66076032145373015042019-11-20T16:56:00.001-08:002019-11-20T16:56:06.245-08:00Markteing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsMarkteing - Essay Example The company offers a wide range of products that are certainly unique and different from those offered by the other rival competitors. This company grew through different stages in its history to reach its present status. This study will attempt to analyse different strategies used by the company such as differentiation, its strategy in segmenting the market, competitive advantage as well as consumer behaviour. Recommendations will also be given in this study about what can be done by the company in order to remain a force to reckon with in terms of mobile computer technology. Apple was established in the 1976. On April 1st, Steve jobs agreed to sell only 50 Apple I personal computers to the Byte shop which was the first retail computer store chain in the America. Following this development, Apple was incorporated in 1977 when Wayne sold all his shares of the company to the Jobs and Wozniak and then the company was later renamed Apple Computer Inc. After a few years, Apple II revolutionized its operations to focus on manufacturing of personal computers. The Apple II mainly developed a personal computer market which created hundreds of millions dollars. Apple Inc was ranged to be among the Top 500 companies in America just 5 years after its establishment (Apple Inc). In the 1980ââ¬â¢s, Apple launched two different kinds of computers namely Lisa and Macintosh. The Lisa was a commercial failure because of its software limitation and high price tag. The Macintosh was the next product to be launched and sold well at the beginning, but sales were weak in the days that later followed. The reason for failure of Macintosh was the same as Lisa which included high prices and limited software capabilities (Apple Inc). In the late 1980ââ¬â¢s, Apple witnessed a significant decline in business as a result of wrong decisions that were made. During that time, Apple failed to satisfy at a lot of targeted customers patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-17542421556312570262019-11-18T16:13:00.001-08:002019-11-18T16:13:03.786-08:00Microeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12Microeconomics - Essay Example Work submitted for assessment must be accompanied by a completed copy of the Faculty Cover Sheet (available on MUSO Blackboard ââ¬Ëassignmentââ¬â¢ link). Each student must attach their own signed cover sheet to the assignment. No assignment will be accepted or marked if it is not accompanied by a signed Cover Sheet by all students. Your name, I.D. number, the tutorial day/time, and the name of the tutor should be shown on the Cover Sheet. An electronic copy will not be accepted. You should retain a copy of the work submitted. 4. Faculty Style Guide - Work submitted for this assessment must follow the Faculty Style as outlined in the Faculty Q Manual. Copies of this Manual can be obtained at the bookshop or online at: http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/publications/qmanual/. 5. Applications for extension of time - All applications for an extension of the time allocated to an assessment task must be made in writing to the Unit Leader (see special consideration for within the semester assessment on page 9 of the Unit Outline). Approval, if granted, will be in writing and will be recorded on the Faculty Assignment cover sheet accompanying the assessment task by the responsible lecturer/tutor. b) Choose one of the policies you describe in part (a) to be the focus of the rest of your analysis. Consider the European Union to be one country, and show graphically the demand, supply, and equilibrium in the sugar market. Before any trade is allowed, where would the domestic (European) price for sugar be located with respect to the world price? d) Now construct a new graph of the market for sugar in the EU that shows, in addition to the equilibrium with free trade, the equilibrium that would be reached under the trade protection policy you chose in part (b). Show clearly the areas of consumer surplus, producer surplus, and government revenue (where relevant) that result from this policy, and compare them to the corresponding areas under patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-76992652951303649772019-11-16T04:46:00.001-08:002019-11-16T04:46:09.301-08:00The Problems Of Reintegration Criminology EssayThe Problems Of Reintegration Criminology Essay A large number of the people who are released from prison are incarcerated again within a short period of time. Ex-prisoners confront many problems in the effort to be reintegrated into society. These problems include a lack of social support, inability to gain access to vital resources and services, the resistance of the community, lack of education, and lack of adequate job preparation. These factors make it difficult for ex-prisoners to adjust to life in the community and thereby increase the risk that they will return to a life of crime. There are certain things that prison ministers can do to help prisoners make a successful transition to life on the outside. Prison ministers can be involved in programs that help prepare prisoners through education and training. Ministers can provide prisoners with support during the reentry process. In addition, they can build relationships in the community that serve as bridges for prisoners when they make the change from life in prison to lif e in the general population. Prison ministers can also help prisoners reintegrate by tending to their spiritual needs. Prison provides a place for offenders to pay their debt to society by being punished for the crimes they have committed. Ideally, prison will rehabilitate offenders so they can be reintegrated into society after being released. The alternative to reintegration is for prisoners to return to a life of crime. Ex-prisoners face many challenges in the effort to achieve successful reentry into society. Some of these challenges are related to the material things that people need in order to survive. Released prisoners often find it difficult to obtain jobs, housing and the other necessities of life. Other challenges are related to a lack of social support. In order to be effectively reintegrated into society, ex-prisoners need positive forms of support and encouragement from family members, friends or others in the community. This paper will examine the potential problems that might occur during reintegration after prison. The paper will emphasize the perspective of the prison minister. The re are several things that prison ministers can do to help prisoners make the transition to community life after their release. The Problems Associated with Reintegration In the United States, nearly 700,000 people are released from prison each year (Hesse, 2009). It has been estimated that as many as 75 percent of these people will be incarcerated again within four years after their release (Rabey, 1999). This is a problem known as recidivism. One reason for the high rate of recidivism is because many ex-prisoners lack social support. For example, during long prison terms, offenders often lose contact with family members. This is problematic because contact with family members is believed to facilitate reintegration into the community (Lynch Sabol, 2001, p. 2). If ex-prisoners do not have the caring support of family members, they need to be able to get social support from a different source, such as friends, a community-based support group, or a church fellowship. A lack of support often leads to ex-prisoners associating with their former friends in the criminal world. In the words of Hesse (2009), because many released inmates will not have solid attachments to family or community, they will most likely return to old neighborhoods where their very presence may threaten to disrupt their success (p. 64). Further difficulties are raised by feelings of fear and discrimination among the members of the community. Communities are often resistant to the presence of ex-prisoners because of their concerns for public safety (Lynch Sabol, 2001). When ex-prisoners arrive in the community, they do so with criminal labels that limit their ability to secure housing, treatment services, and employment (Pogorzelski, et al., 2005, p. 1718). Clearly, ex-prisoners will not be able to reintegrate into society unless they are able to obtain jobs that provide them with enough income to support themselves. In addition to the difficulty of obtaining a job because of the criminal label, there may be competition between returning prisoners and welfare leavers for jobs (Lynch Sabol, 2001, p. 19). Furthermore, ex-prisoners are often forced to take low-paying, low-skill jobs. As noted by Lynch Sabol (2001), the low pay of these jobs enhances the possibility that involvement in illegitimate, income-producing a ctivities will increase (p. 19). Former inmates face these kinds of challenges despite the passage of the federal law known as the Second Chance Act of 2005. The purpose of this legislation is to ensure that ex-prisoners receive the services that they need when they reenter society. According to the findings in a study by Pogorzelski, et al. (2005), the Second Chance Act has done little to alleviate the challenges faced by former prisoners in the effort to gain access to housing, public assistance and other necessary resources. These researchers have found that there are invisible punishments built into the policies and programs that are supposed to help ex-prisoners reintegrate into society. For example, local laws often place limitations on the ability of former prisoners to fill out job applications, acquire housing or receive public assistance. As stated by Pogorzelski, et al. (2005), these laws are, in effect, exclusionary public policies that regulate reentry experiences and, in essence, perpetuate punishment after release by assigning special conditions or bans on people with felony convictions (p. 1718). As claimed by Hesse (2009), many will return to crime to support themselves because accessibility to social services and other supports may not be available (p. 64). Another reason why reintegration efforts often fail is because offenders do not receive the preparation that they need when they are still in prison. Many people in prison have problems involving such things as mental illness or substance abuse (Pogorzelski, et al., 2005). The prison system does not provide adequate treatment for these kinds of problems. In addition, prisoners do not generally receive the kind of job training that they need in order to be able to succeed in outside life. As noted by Lynch Sobel (2001), a large number of released prisoners reenter society not having participated in educational, vocational, or pre-release programs (p. 2). The lack of education and job training contributes to the high recidivism rate among ex-prisoners. There is evidence showing that prisoners tend to be far less educated than the general population (Hesse, 2009, p. 64). For ex-prisoners, a lack of education and training can mean a low-paying job or no job at all. This, in turn, increa ses the risk of released prisoners failing to achieve reintegration into the community and returning to a life of crime. Prison Ministry and Reintegration Prison ministers can play an important role in helping prisoners prepare for life after their release. For example, ministers can arrange for prisoners to receive job training or educational services. Ministers can also help prisoners make the transition to community life by being supportive and caring. However, prisoners need more than this in order to succeed in the reintegration process. Regarding the limits of prison ministry, McRoberts (2002) notes that spirituality may help people survive the hardships and absurdities of incarceration, but life on the outside poses a radically different existential challenge (p. 2). Rabey (1999) agrees that prison ministers need to place more emphasis on aftercare and the reintegration of prisoners into communities and churches after their release (p. 27). A problem is created by the fact that many church members are resistant to the idea of providing large amounts of assistance to former prisoners (McRoberts, 2002, p. 7). To address this probl em, prison ministers need to work at building relationships with community ministers and to thereby strengthen the bridge between prison life and community life. Prison ministers also have a vital role to play in helping prisoners adjust themselves spirituality to what life will be like after their release. As Rabey (1999) points out, prison ministries have shifted their attention from punishment to redemption, and from retributive justice to restorative justice' (p. 27). In order to achieve successful reintegration, prisoners need to experience a sense of healing and restoration. Conclusion As discussed in this paper, various factors create challenges for ex-prisoners in their effort to be reintegrated into society. These factors include a lack of social support, community resistance, the inability to get a decent job, lack of access to necessary services, and a low level of education. The challenges faced by ex-prisoners greatly increase the risk of recidivism. Prison ministries can play a role in helping ex-prisoners make a successful transition to community life. Prison ministers can help prepare prisoners for life on the outside while they are still in prison. They can work with community ministers to provide a bridge to life on the outside. They can make efforts to be sure that ex-prisoners will receive the resources and social support that they need to survive in the community. In addition, prison ministers can contribute to the reintegration process by tending to the spiritual needs of prisoners as they prepare for their reentry into society. patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7232238574240353290.post-85476610356658596782019-11-13T17:17:00.001-08:002019-11-13T17:17:03.593-08:00In Praise of Folly - Erasmus Dichotomy Essay -- In Praise of Folly EsIn Praise of Folly - Erasmus' Dichotomy à à à The Silenus box is a "case carved like an ugly Silenus" that can be "opened to reveal beautiful, precious objects" (Erasmus 43, footnote). This box appears in Erasmus' Praise of Folly as a metaphor for the central claim in the novel, which is that that which appears to be Folly (ugly) externally, is wise (precious) within. Erasmus reveals this dichotomy on three levels: in the image of the box itself, in his genuine praise of Folly, and in the structure of the novel as a whole. Erasmus, using the female voice of Folly, introduces his reader to the image of the Silenus box early in the text, thereby allowing his reader to carry the image with her for the rest of her time reading (and see its metaphoric nature when appropriate). Folly makes the introduction, saying, "All human affairs... have two aspects quite different from each other." She then goes on to explain that this means, according to Plato, that things that "appear 'at first blush'... to be death, will, if you examine [them] more closely, turn out to be life... in brief, you will find everything suddenly reversed if you open the Silenus" (43). In more direct terms, something which on its surface seems one way (the 'bad' way), has opposite ('good') guts. In The Praise of Folly, the pair of opposites that Erasmus focuses on is that of folly and wisdom. By including a passage dedicated to the description of the Silenus, Erasmus gives his readers a concrete picture to grasp onto that stands for the novel's link between this pair of opposites, which is that wisdom comes under the wrapping of folly. The passage allows the reader to understand this central concept more easily. The concept, in its many manifestations, c... ...this same literary tradition, Rabelais utilizes this peculiar narrative technique in Gargantua and Pantagruel, where he too hides the wisdom in his work behind the veil of foolish, and even vulgar, language. Erasmus' inclusion of the passage explaining the Selenus box allows it to be a metaphor for the central concept in the novel. Through its presence, Erasmus gives us, his readers, a tool with which to separate the layers of his text. Without it, we might be stranded (after reading) with the inaccurate belief that Erasmus was a babbling hypocrite, with contradictory ideas sprinkled throughout his work. But, I suppose, we could have just attributed that fault to Folly, who is always more than willing to accept such a title. Work Cited Erasmus, D. 1511. In Praise of Folly. (Translated by L. Dean and republished by Hendricks House Farrar Straus. 1946.) patriciajen36http://www.blogger.com/profile/18123681330156760040noreply@blogger.com0